Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Nsci > 25-Motor6-Cerebellum > Flashcards

25-Motor6-Cerebellum Flashcards

1
Q

components of cerebellar cortex (x3)

A

vermis, intermediate and lateral zones

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

cerebellar nuclei (x4)

A

fastigial, globose, emboliform, dentate

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

cerebellar peduncles

A

inferior, middle, superior

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

cerebellum cortical layers (x3)

A

molecular, purkinje cell, and granular

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

five intrinsic neurons in cerebellar cortex

A
  • purkinje cells: only output neuron, inhibitory (GABA)
  • granual cells: origin of parallel fiber system, excitatory (glutamate)
  • stellate: inhibit Purkinje cells
  • basket: inhibit Purkinje cells
  • Golgi: inhibit granual cells
    These last three are all inhibitory interneurons, probably all use GABA, excited by parallel fibers
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

basic cerebellar circuit (x4)

A
  • mossy fibers -> granule cells -> Purkinje cells
  • climbing fibers -> Purkinje cells
  • Purkinje cells -> cerebellar nuclei and vestibular nucleus
  • cerebellar nuclei -> many targets in CNS
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

two major classes of inputs

A
  • mossy fibber afferents
  • climbing fiber afferents
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

mossy fiber afferents originate from ___

A

various spinal and brainstem sites

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

climbing fiber afferents originate from ___

A

contralateral inferior olive only

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

mossy fiber afferents synapse on ___

A

granule cells (excitatory, glutamate)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

climbing fiber afferents synapse on ___

A

Purkinje cells, monosynaptically, excitatory

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

mossy fiber afferents produce [simple/complex] spikes in Purkinje cells

A

simple

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

climbing fiber afferents produce [simple/complex] spikes in Purkinje cells

A

complex

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q
A

true

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q
A

unknown

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

Discharge rate of mossy fiber afferents

A

50-100 spikes/sec

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

Discharge rate of complex fiber afferents

A

1-2 spikes/sec

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

Cerebellar cortex is [ipsi/contra]laterally organized

A

ipsilaterally (unlike motor cortex)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q
A

false, they are orthogonal

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

Inputs to inferior olive (x3)

A
  • spinal projections
  • cerebral cortical inputs
  • red nucleus (feedback from cerebellum)
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q
A

used to be common hypothesis, recently controversial, false?

22
Q

cerebellar functional divisions (x3)

A
  • vestibulocerebellum
  • spinocerebellum
  • cerebrocerebellum
23
Q

Vestibulocerebellum:
location

A

flocculonodular lobe

24
Q

Vestibulocerebellum:
inputs via ___ fibers: (x4)

A

via mossy fibers
- semicircular canals
- otoliths
- visual info from retina and parietal/occiptal via pontine nuclei
- neck and trunk

25
Q

Vestibulocerebellum:
outputs: (x4)

A
  • vestibular nucleus (medial and lateral) and fastigial nucleus
  • medial vestibulospinal tract (which controls trunk/neck muscles)
  • lateral vestibulospinal tract (controls limb muscles)
  • gaze centers (controls eye movements)
26
Q

Spinocerebellum:
location

A

intermediate zones and vermis

27
Q

Spinocerebellum:
inputs via ___ fibers: (x2)

A

via mossy fibers
- spinocerebellar tracts (x3)
– from trunk/neck muscles
– dorsal spinocerebellar tract (DSCT)
– ventral spinocerebellar tract (VSCT)
- face somatosensory/proprioceptive inputs

28
Q

Spinocerebellum:
outputs (x1)

A

intermediate zone projects to globose and emboliform nuclei
- rubrospinal tract
- corticospinal tract

29
Q

Cerebrocerebellum:
location

A

cerebellar hemispheres (lateral zones)

30
Q
A

true

31
Q

Cerebrocerebellum:
inputs via ___ from : (X2)

A

via pontine nuclei from
- sensory and motor cortices
- premotor and parietal cortices

32
Q

Cerebrocerebullum:
outputs via ___ to (x2)

A

via dentate nuclei to
- ventral lateral nucleus of thalamus to motor and premotor contex (corticospinal tract)
- prefrontal areas

33
Q

Cerebellar disorders:
disturbances of equilibrium / balance associated with ___

A

vestibulocerebellum

34
Q

Cerebellar disorders:
nystagmus associated with ___

A

vestibulocerebellum

35
Q

Cerebellar disorders:
loss of smooth pursuit associated with ___

A

vestibulocerebellum

36
Q

Cerebellar disorders:
loss of VOR suppression associated with ___

A

vestibulocerebellum

37
Q

Cerebellar disorders:
action tremor (voluntary) associated with ___

A

spinocerebellum

38
Q

Cerebellar disorders:
limb ataxia/dysmetria associated with ___

A

spinocerebellum

39
Q

Cerebellar disorders:
decrease in saccade accuracy associated with ___

A

spinocerebellum (posterior vermis)

40
Q

Cerebellar disorders:
hypotonia associated with ___

A

spinocerebellum

41
Q

hypotonia

A

decreased muscle tone

42
Q

Cerebellar disorders:
ataxia of fine movements associated with ___

A

cerebrocerebellum

43
Q

Cerebellar disorders:
decomposition of movements associated with ___

A

cerebrocerebellum

44
Q

Cerebellar disorders:
cognitive deficits (executive and nonmotor) associated with ___

A

cerebrocerebellum

45
Q
A

true [see notes for more detail]

46
Q

Theories of cerebellum function (x5)

A
  • regulation of reflex gains
  • error - detection and error - correction
  • motor learning
  • timing of movements
  • internal models of motor apparatus
47
Q

inverse dynamics model

A

calculates needed forces/torques from the desired trajectory

48
Q

forward internal model

A

predits future state of arm from the motor command and current state of arm

49
Q
A

false (evidence that purkinje cells are not generating direct motor command)

50
Q
A

true

Nsci (18 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions