A&P Lab Tissues Flashcards
Simple cuboidal epithelium
function?
Location?
single layer of cubelike cells w/large, sperical central nuclei
secretion and absorption
kidney tubules, ovary surface, ducts and secretory portions of small glands
Simple squamous epithelium…
Function?
Location?
single layer of flattened cells w/disc shaped central nuclei and sparse cytoplasm
diffusion and filtration in sites where protection isn’t important
kidney, air sacs of lungs, blood vessels…
Simple columnar epithelium
Function?
Location?
single layer of tall cells w/round oval nuclei; some cells have cilia; layer may contain mucus secreting goblet cells
absorption; secretion of mucus, enzymes, and other substances; ciliated type propels mucus
nonciliated type lines digestive tract, gallbladder; ciliated type lines small bronchi, uterine tubes, and some regions of uterus
Pseudostratified columnar epithelium
Function?
Location?
single layer of cells of differing heights, some not reaching the free surface; nuclei seen at varying levels; may contain mucus-secreting goblet cells and bear cilia
secretion, particularly of mucus; propulsion of mucus by cilia
nonciliated type in male sperm-carrying ducts and ducts of large glands; ciliated type lines trachea, most of upper respiratory tract
Stratified squamous epithelium
Function?
Location?
membrane of several layers; basal cells are cuboidal or columnar and metabolically active; surface cells are flattened (squamous);
protects underlying tissues in areas subject to abrasion
nonkeratinized type in moist linings of esophagus, mouth, and vagina; keratinized type in epidermis of skin, a dry membrane
Stratified cuboidal epithelium
Function?
Location?
two or more layers of cube-like cells
protection
largest ducts of sweat glands, mammary glands, and salivary glands
Stratified columnar epithelium
Function?
Location?
several cell layers; basal cells usually cuboidal; and columnar
protection and secretion
rare in the body; small amounts in male urethra and in large ducts of some glands
Transitional epithelium
Function?
Location?
resembles both stratified squamous and stratified cuboidal; basal cells cuboidal or columnar; surface cells dome shaped or squamouslike, depending on degree of organ stretch
stretches readily and permits distention of urinary bladder
lines ureters, bladder, and part of urethra
Connective tissue proper
Function?
Location?
gel-like matrix with all three fiber types: fibroblasts, macrohages, mast cells, and some white blood cells
cushions organs; phagocytize bacteria; important role in inflammation; holds and conveys tissue fluid
widely distributed under epithelia of body; forms lamina propria of mucous membranes; packages organs, surrounds capillaries
Connective tissue proper: loose connective tissue, adipose
Function?
Location?
matrix as in areolar, but very sparse; closely packed fat cells; have nucleus pushed to the side by large fat droplet
provides reserve fuel; insulates against heat loss; supports and protects organs
under skin, around kidneys and eyeballs, abdomen, breasts
Connective tissue proper: loose connective tissue, reticular
Function?
Location?
network of reticular fibers in typical loose ground substance; reticular cells lie in network
fibers form soft internal skeleton that supports other cell types
lymphoid organs, bone marrow, and spleen
Connective tissue proper: dense connective tissue, dense regular
Function?
Location?
parallel collagen fibers; a few elastic fibers; major cell type is fibroblast
attaches muscle to bone or muscle to muscle; withstands great tensile strength
tendons, most ligament, aponeuroses
