Anatomy Ch 8 (Nervous System) Flashcards
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What are the functions of the nervous system?
1) monitors the internal/external environments
2) integrates sensory information
3) coordinates voluntary and involuntary responses of many other organ systems
What are the divisions of the nervous system?
central nervous system (CNS)
peripheral nervous system (PNS)
afferent
to the brain
efferent
away from the brain
somatic
controls skeletal muscle (CNS)
autonomic
automatic involuntary regulation of smooth muscle (CNS)
neuron
basic unit of nervous system
neurglia
supporting cells of neurons
dendrites
receives incoming signals
axon
carries outgoing signals
what are the 3 types of neurons?
multipolar- two or more dendrites and a single axon; most common in CNS; all motor neurons that control skeletal muscle
unipolar- dendrite and axon are continuous w/cell body off to the side; most sensory neurons of the PNS
bipolar- one dendrite, one axon w/cell body in between them; rare but are present in special sense organs
list the 3 functional groups of neurons:
motor neurons
sensory neurons
interneurons
motor neurons: what are the two types?
somatic motor neurons- controls skeletal muscle
visceral- regulates smooth muscle activity
sensory neurons
forms afferent division of the PNS
what are the two types of somatic sensory receptors?
1) proprioceptors- monitors the position and movement of skeletal muscles and joints
2) external receptors- provides information about external environment in the form of touch, temp, ect…..