Development of Head and Neck Flashcards

(32 cards)

1
Q

The parietal and occipital bones are made up of which embryological tissue?

A

Paraxial mesoderm

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2
Q

Frontal, temporal, sphenoid, maxilla and mandibular bones are made up of which embryological tissue?

A

Neural crest cells

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3
Q

The laryngeals are made up of which embryological tissue?

A

Lateral plate mesoderm

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4
Q

Which embryological tissue forms the pharyngeal arch cores?

A

Paraxial mesoderm

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5
Q

How many pharyngeal arches are there?

A

Five - 1,2,3,4,6 - 5 obliterates

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6
Q

Where are pharyngeal pouches found?

A

Inside

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7
Q

Where are pharyngeal clefts found?

A

outside

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8
Q

What embryological tissue forms the pharyngeal clefts?

A

Ectoderm

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9
Q

What embryological tissue forms the pharyngeal pouches?

A

Endoderm

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10
Q

What skeletal structures does A1 form?

A

Bones of the middle ear and meckle’s cartilage (mandible)

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11
Q

What skeletal structures does A2 form?

A

Styloid and styloid process

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12
Q

What skeletal structures does A3 form?

A

Hyoid bone

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13
Q

What skeletal structures does A4 and A6 form?

A

The neck cartilages (cricoid and thyroid)

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14
Q

What is the cranial nerve innervation for A1?

A

Trigeminal V - V1/V2/V3

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15
Q

What is the cranial nerve innervation for A2?

A

CN VII - Facial

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16
Q

What is the cranial nerve innervation for A3?

A

CN XI - Glossopharyngeal

17
Q

What is the cranial nerve innervation for A4?

A

CN X - Superior laryngeal branch

18
Q

What is the cranial nerve innervation for A6?

A

CN X - Recurrent laryngeal branch

19
Q

Which pharyngeal arch arteries form the brachiocephalic trunk?

A

Right 4 and 6

20
Q

Which pharyngeal arch arteries form the ascending aorta?

21
Q

Which pharyngeal arch arteries form the pulmonary trunk?

22
Q

Which pharyngeal arch arteries form the left common carotid?

23
Q

What is the fate of pharyngeal arch 1?

A

Splits in to the mandible and maxilla

24
Q

What is the fate of pharyngeal pouch 1?

A

Tympanic cavity and auditory tube

25
What is the fate of pharyngeal membrane 1?
Tympanic membrane
26
What is the fate of pharyngeal cleft 1?
External auditory meatus
27
What is the fate of pharyngeal pouch 2?
Palatine tonsil
28
What is the fate of pharyngeal pouch 3?
Thymus and inferior parathyroid gland
29
What is the fate of pharyngeal pouch 4?
Superior parathyroid gland
30
Failure of obliteration of the Pharyngeal clefts 2/3/4 can lead to which condition forming within the cervical sinus?
Branchial cyst
31
Failure of fusion between the mandibular and maxillary processes can lead to which condition?
Cleft lip
32
Failure of fusion between the left and right palatal processes and the primary palate can lead to which condition?
Cleft palate