Local Anesthetics (M2)

Question 1

What are the three chemical components of local anesthetics?

Answer 1

1. lipophilic group
2. intermediate chain
3. ionizable group

Question 2

What are the two groups of local anesthetics?

Answer 2

1. ester type

2. amide type

Question 3

Where are amide type anesthetics metabolism?

Answer 3

liver

Question 4

Where are ester type anesthetics metabolism?

Answer 4

plasma

Question 5

What are the biologic toxins that bind to Na+ receptors and prolong the influx of sodium, altering the resting potential?

Answer 5

1. batrachotoxin
2. aconitine
3. veratridine
4. scorpion venoms

Question 6

What are the marine toxins that resemble local anesthetic affect and block conduction without a change in the membrane potential?

Answer 6

1. tetrodotoxin

2. saxitoxin

Question 7

What type of channel state have low affinity for local anesthetics?

Answer 7

channels in resting state

Question 8

What are sites of injection of LA around the spinal canal?

Answer 8

1. epidural
2. caudal
3. perineural
4. spinal

Question 9

What are the effects of vasoconstrictors being used with local anesthetics?

Answer 9

1. enhance localized neuronal uptake
2. longer duration
3. lower total LA requirement
4. dec systemic absorption
5. can potentiate neurotoxicity

Question 10

What are the ocular local anesthetics?

Answer 10

1. cocaine
2. tetracaine
3. benoxinate
4. proparacaine