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From Flashcardlet > (2) Exam 1- Nutrition > Flashcards

(2) Exam 1- Nutrition Flashcards

0
Q

My plate

A

50% fruits and vegetables
25% whole-grain
25% Protein (plant base)

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1
Q

Components of a well-balanced diet

A 
Fat intake 30%
Protein 25%
Calcium 1000 mg per day
Five servings fruits and vegetables
increased fluid and fiber
Decreased calories and carbs
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2
Q

Vegan diet

A

No animal products including eggs and milk

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3
Q

Vegetarian diet

A

No meat

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4
Q

Renal diet

A

Low potassium Protein and sodium
High calorie and carb’s
Fluid restrictions

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5
Q

Diabetic diet

A

Low-carb low-calorie

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6
Q

Healthy heart diet

A

Low-fat

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7
Q

Judaism diet

A

No pork and you can’t mix blood and milk together

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8
Q

Islam diet

A

No pork

no alcohol

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9
Q

Mormon diet

A

No coffee tea or alcohol

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10
Q

Hindu diet

A

No beef. Cows are sacred

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11
Q

Buddhist diet

A

Vegetarian

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12
Q

Calculate BMI

A

Weight
———— X 703
Ht x Ht (in)

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13
Q

Lab values for nutritional implications

A

All labs are decreased except for glucose

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14
Q

Medication (Megace)

A

Stimulates appetite

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15
Q

What is dumping syndrome

A

Formula going to fast

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16
Q

Signs and symptoms of dumping syndrome

A

Fullness, nausea, diarrhea, dehydration, hypotension, tachycardia

17
Q

Tube feeding administration and rates

A
  1. Full strength formula
  2. Begins at 20 to 40 mL per hour Q8 to 12 hours
  3. Advanced by 10 to 20 mL per hour until rate is achieved
18
Q

Interventions prior to tube feeding

A

Check placement, check residual, greater than 30° during and 1hr post feeding

19
Q

Tube feeding complications

A

Aspiration, clogged tube (warm water), diarrhea, G.I. symptoms, stoma infection

20
Q

Medication: metclopermide (Reglan)

A

Helps stomach empty and helps reduce residual

21
Q

Refeeding syndrome

A

Starting dose too high. Metabolic changes in the body.

Cardiac arrhythmias and decrease phosphate (Hypophosphatemia)

Can be fatal

22
Q

What is anorexia nervosa

A

Self-imposed weight loss by diet or exercise

23
Q

Signs and symptoms of anorexia

A

Stop menstruating, dry skin, constipation, anemic, hair falling out, potassium deficiency (heart problems)

24
Q

What is bulimia nervosa

A

Binge purge. Throwing up. Use of laxatives exercise and diet pills.

25
Q

Assessment findings for bulimia

A

Breakdown on fingers, busted capillary, dental problems, swollen Salivary glands, normal weight.

26
Q

Health risk for obesity

A

Heart disease and type two diabetes

27
Q

What is metabolic syndrome

A

Cluster of health problems. Insulin resistance syndrome.

28
Q

Patient teaching for metabolic syndrome

A

Provide info on healthy lifestyle, diet, exercise and positive lifestyle changes.

Decreased saturated fat’s, decreased weight is the first priority.
No specific medication. Cholesterol lowering, and I have pretenses, and metformin to prevent diabetes

29
Q

Gastric band

A

Reversible. Makes stomach smaller

30
Q

Vertical sleeve

A

Irreversible. Decreases hunger. 85% of stomach removed

31
Q

Gastric bypass

A

Irreversible. Decreased complication rates. Small pouch attached to small intestine. Food bypasses 90% of stomach

32
Q

Biliopancreatic diversion

A

Irreversible. Small intestine shortened. 2/3 of stomach removed

33
Q

Preop for bariatric surgery

A

Have large equipment readily available upon arrival.
Assess heart, lungs, bowel sounds, and obtain venous access using 1 inch catheter
Teach cough, deep breathing, and spirometer
Inform the patient that they may have a catheter, IV, stockings, or NG tube post surgery

34
Q

Postop care

A

Ambulate evening after surgery and 3 to 4 times daily

Stockings, VS, ROM, increased protein diet, protect incision, frequent observation of abdominal wound

Risk for a sedation, DVT, hypoxia, hypertension, Polycythemia

Vomit with NG-> contact surgeon immediately

Teach proper diet, potential complications, follow-up care

35
Q

Nasogastric and nasointestinal tubes

A

Enteral nutrition

Nurse: check placement, check residual, head of bed 30 to 45°, check residual Q4 for 48 hours, flush before and after feedings and meds, Monitor glucose

Risk: dumping syndrome, aspiration, vomiting, nausea, constipation, easily clogged, tube dislodgment, diarrhea, hyperglycemia

Due to: surgery, trauma, anorexia

36
Q

J Tube

A

Enteral nutrition, placed surgically, I have a sedation, used if at risk for aspiration, start feeding 24 to 48 hours

Nurse: check placement, check residual, head of bed 30 to 45°, don’t wait for BM or gas, check residual Q4 for 48 hours, Flash before and after feedings and meds, assess skin, monitor glucose, check bowel sounds, flush Q4-6 if continuous

Risk: aspiration, dumping syndrome, vomiting, nausea, hyperglycemia, club to were dislodgment, peritonitis, diarrhea, dehydration, constipation

Teach: skincare, feeding administration, potential complication

37
Q

G Tube

A

Enteral nutrition, placed surgically, I have a sedation, start feeding 24 to 48 hours

Nurse: check placement, check residual, head of bed 30 to 45°, don’t wait for BM or gas, check residual Q4 for 48 hours, Flash before and after feedings and meds, assess skin, monitor glucose, check bowel sounds, flush Q4-6 if continuous

Risk: aspiration, dumping syndrome, vomiting, nausea, hyperglycemia, club to were dislodgment, peritonitis, diarrhea, dehydration, constipation

Teach: skincare, feeding administration, potential complications

38
Q

PEG

A

Enteral nutrition, placed surgically, I have a sedation, start feeding two hours after insertion, most have intact GI tract and esophageal lemon must be wide enough

Nurse: check placement, check residual, head of bed 30 to 45°, don’t wait for BM or gas, check residual Q4 for 48 hours, Flash before and after feedings and meds, assess skin, monitor glucose, check bowel sounds, flush Q4-6 if continuous

Risk: aspiration, dumping syndrome, vomiting, nausea, hyperglycemia, club to were dislodgment, peritonitis, diarrhea, dehydration, constipation

Teach: skincare, feeding administration, potential complications

39
Q

PPN

A

Parenteral nutrition. Large vein (regular IV), isotonic (DW5)- like blood

Monitor: VS (infections), glucose, DW

Nurse: do not administer greater than 10% dextrose, if interrupted administer 5 to 10% dextrose solution. Aseptic technique. if particles do not flush. Air embolism-> clamp off, discard unused after 24 hours

Complications: infections, hyperglycemia, hypoglycemia, hyperlipidemia

From Flashcardlet (47 decks)

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