5.) Bacterial Pneumonia

Question 1

Definition

Answer 1

Bacterial pneumonia is a lung infection caused by bacteria affecting the alveoli and or interstitial tissue

Question 2

Etiology ?

Answer 2

Mostly caused by streptococcus pneumonia

Also other pathogens include :
Mycoplasma pneumonia, Chlamydia pneumonia, Hib

Question 3

What are the four phases that pneumonia progress through ?

Answer 3

• Edema Proteinaceoud exidate in alveoli
• Red hepatization = Presence of RBC and neutrophils
• Grey hep = Increa neutrophils and fribrin deposits

Resolution = Dominance of macrophages

Question 4

Clinical signs ?

Answer 4

Fever , chills , Sweats , cough , crackles , bonchial breath sounds , increased tactile fremitus , dull percussion, headache , myalgias

Question 5

Diagnosis ?

Answer 5

Chest x ray
Sputum samples >25WBC and < 10 squamous epithelial cells

Blood cultures
Urine antigen test

Question 6

Treatment

Answer 6

CURB-65

Confusion , urea > 7mmol/l RR >30 , bp <90/60 age >65

Curb 1 = Amoxicillin 500mg x3 daily

Curb 2 Amoxicillin same as above plus Clarithromycin 500mg twice daily

Curb 3-5 severe = Co amoxiclav 1.2g 3x daily and Clarithromycin 500mg twice daily