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Review / Wrong Answers > Psych drugs 2 > Flashcards

Psych drugs 2 Flashcards

1
Q

Bupropion

A

Sketchy - pro ball player Inhibition of NET and DAT (increases NE and DA - no effects on 5HT) Uses: Depression, smoking cessation Benefits: Less weight gain, no sexual side effects Side effects: Stimulant effects, seizures (especially in eating disorders)

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2
Q

Valproic acid

A

Broad-spectrum anti-epileptic MOA: -Increases Na+ inactivation, thus inhibiting neuronal firing -Increases GABA Uses: Simple focal, complex focal, tonic-clonic, absence Adverse effects: GI distress, weight gain, tremor, rare but fatal hepatotoxicity, pancreatitic, teratogenic

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3
Q

Ethosuximide

A

Anti-epileptic MOA: Blocks T-type Ca2+ channels Uses: Absence seizure Adverse effects: GI distress, lethargy, fatigue

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4
Q

Venlafaxine

A

Sketchy - Fax machine SNRI Uses: Depression, GAD, Panic disorder, PTSD, Diabetic nephropathy, chronic pain, fibromyalgia Side effects: HTN (due to increased NE), Sexual dysfunction, Serotonin syndrome, weight gain, SIADH

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5
Q

Presentation of SSRI/SNRI withdrawal

A

Discontinuation syndrome - flu-like symptoms

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6
Q

What are the drugs used in acute treatment and prophylaxis of status epilepticus

A

Acute treatment - benzos Prophylaxis - phenytoin

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7
Q

Carbamazepine

A

Narrow spectrum anti-epileptic MOA: blocks Na+ channels Uses: simple focal, complex focal, tonic-clonic Trigeminal neuralgia Adverse effects: Diplopia, ataxia, SIADH, agranulocytosis, DRESS syndrome, teratogen, SJS, drug induced lupus, CYP450 inducer

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8
Q

Tranylcypromine

A

Sketchy - Try a sip of wine MAO-A inhibitor: Increases levels of NE, 5HT, and DA Uses: atypical depression, anxiety

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9
Q

Vigabatrin

A

Sketchy - V cab Narrow spectrum anti-epileptic MOA: Inhibits GABA-transaminase (enzyme responsible for GABA degradation), thus increased GABA Uses: Simple focal, complex focal

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10
Q

What is the MOA of local anesthetics (e.g. lidocaine, procaine)

A

Blocking of Na+ channels, in order to prevent neuronal depolarization

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11
Q

Lithium

A

MOA: inhibits signal transduction pathways, such as IP3 Used to treat Bipolar disorder

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12
Q

Lamotrigine

A

Sketchy - llama Broad spectrum anti-epileptic Binds voltage gated Na+ channels, causing inactivation and decreased firing of neurons Adverse effects: skin rash (SJS) and diplopia

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13
Q

Fluoxetine

A

Sketchy - Fly out SSRI Uses: Depression, GAD, Panic disorder, PTSD, OCD, bulimia, social anxiety disorder Side effects: Sexual dysfunction, Serotonin syndrome, weight gain, SIADH

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14
Q

Phenytoin

A

Narrow spectrum anti-epileptic MOA: blocks Na+ channels Uses: Simple focal, complex focal, tonic clonic, status epilepticus Adverse effects: Ataxia, diplopia, decreased folate, gingival hyperplasia, hirsituism, drug induced lupus, DRESS, SJS, teratogenic, CYP450 inducer, altered bone and mineral metabolism

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15
Q

Valproate

A

Sketchy - festiVAL Broad spectrum anti-epileptic Binds voltage gated Na+ channels, causing inactivation and decreased firing of neurons Also increases GABA levels in the CNS

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16
Q

Phenelzine

A

Sketchy - Funnel in wine bottle MAO-A inhibitor: Increases levels of NE, 5HT, and DA Uses: atypical depression, anxiety

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17
Q

Lamotrigine

A

Broad-spectrum anti-epileptic MOA: Increases Na+ inactivation Uses: Simple focal, complex focal, tonic-clonic Adverse effects: SJS, diplopia

18
Q

Imipramine

A

Sketchy - imprint TCA - inhibits reuptake of NE and 5HT Uses: Depression, OCD, peripheral neuropathy, chronic pain, migraine prophylaxis Side effects: anti-a1 (hypotension), anti-cholinergic (dry mouth, blurred vision, urinary retention), anti-histamine (sedation, increased appetite, weight gain), seizures (anti-GABA) *Cardiotoxicity - due to TCA’s blocking the cardiac fast Na+ channels - leading to prolonged QRS and cardiac arrhythmias THINK: 3 C’s - Cardiac, coma, (anti-histamine), convulsions (anti-GABA)

19
Q

Levetiracetam

A

Broad-spectrum anti-epileptic MOA: Unknown Uses: Simple focal, complex focal, tonic-clonic

20
Q

Selegiline

A

Sketchy - Sledge hammer MAO-B inhibitor: Increases levels of DA Uses: atypical depression, Parkinsons

21
Q

What is the teratogenic effect of Lithium

A

Ebstein anomaly (tricuspid displaced into R ventricle leading to “atrialized” ventricle

22
Q

Buspirone

A

No sketchy Stimulates 5HT-1A receptors Used for treatment of generalized anxiety disorder

23
Q

Topiramate

A

Broad-spectrum anti-epileptic MOA: -Increases Na+ inactivation, thus inhibiting neuronal firing -Increases GABA via direct binding Uses: Simple focal, complex focal, tonic clonic Adverse effects: Mental dulling, weight loss, kidney stones, glaucoma

24
Q

Tiagabine

A

Sketchy - tied up cab driver MOA: Inhibits GABA reuptake Uses: Simple focal, complex focal

25
Q

Citalopram

A

Sketchy - The City SSRI Uses: Depression, GAD, Panic disorder, PTSD, OCD, bulimia, social anxiety disorder Side effects: Sexual dysfunction, Serotonin syndrome, weight gain, SIADH

26
Q

Isocarboxazid

A

Sketchy - Boxed wine MAO-A inhibitor: Increases levels of NE, 5HT, and DA Uses: atypical depression, anxiety

27
Q

Cyproheptadine

A

Sketchy - “silly pranks prohibited” 5-HT2 antagonist Used to treat serotonin syndrome

28
Q

What is the order of nerve blockade and order of loss with local anesthetics

A

Small myelinated > small unmyelinated > large myelinated > large unmyelinated Pain > temp > touch > motor

29
Q

Mirtazapine

A

a2-blocker (increases release of 5HT and NE) Blocks 5HT2 and 5HT3 receptors Inhibits H1 receptors (sedation) Uses: major depression with insomnia Adverse effects: weight gain Benefits: no sexual dysfunction

30
Q

Paroxetine

A

Sketchy - Parrot air SSRI Uses: Depression, GAD, Panic disorder, PTSD, OCD, bulimia, social anxiety disorder Side effects: Sexual dysfunction, Serotonin syndrome, weight gain, SIADH

31
Q

Treatment of cardiac toxicity with TCAs

A

Sodium bicarbonate (will bind to weakly acidic TCA in the renal tubule, leading to excretion)

32
Q

Drugs options for treatment of Bipolar disorder

A

Lithium, Anti-epileptics (Valproate, Carbamazepine, Lamotrigine), Atypical (SGA) antipsychotics

33
Q

Gabapentin

A

Sketchy: Grab a pint Narrow spectrum anti-epileptic MOA: inhibits voltage-gated Ca2+ channels Uses: Simple focal, complex focal Peripheral neuropathy Postherpatic neuralgia Adverse effects: Ataxia

34
Q

Levetiracetam

A

Sketchy - elevator Broad spectrum anti-epileptic

35
Q

Topiramate

A

Sketchy - toupe Broad spectrum anti-epileptic Binds voltage gated Na+ channels, causing inactivation and decreased firing of neurons Also directly binds GABA-A receptor and increases GABA levels in the CNS

36
Q

Presentation of serotonin syndrome

A

Hyperthermia, HTN, Hyperreflexia and clonus (vs. NMS which has rigidity and hyporeflexia)

37
Q

Phentolamine

A

a1 and a2 antagonist Used to treat HTN symptoms of tyrosine toxicity

38
Q

Sertraline

A

Sketchy - DeSERT air SSRI Uses: Depression, GAD, Panic disorder, PTSD, OCD, bulimia, social anxiety disorder Side effects: Sexual dysfunction, Serotonin syndrome, weight gain, SIADH

39
Q

Side effects of Lithium

A

Tremor (earliest and most common), nephrogenic DI, hypothyroidism, teratogenic

40
Q

What can be co-administered with local anesthetics in order to increase action

A

Vasoconstrictors - decrease rate at which blood flow carries the lidocaine away

41
Q

Trazodone

A

Serotonin modulator (antagonizes 5HT2 receptors and inhibits 5HT reuptake) a1-antagonist activity - hypotension H1-antagonist activity - sedation Uses: insomnia and major depression Adverse effects: Priaprism, hypotension, serotonin syndrome, sexual dysfunction

42
Q

Duloxetine

A

Sketchy - Dual copier/scanner SNRI Uses: Depression, GAD, Panic disorder, PTSD, Diabetic nephropathy, chronic pain, fibromyalgia Side effects: HTN (due to increased NE), Sexual dysfunction, Serotonin syndrome, weight gain, SIADH

Review / Wrong Answers (140 decks)

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