Cellular Respiration Chapter 6.8 Flashcards

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1
Q

The two anaerobic metabolic pathways that some organisms use to generate ATP

A
  1. Anaerobic Respiration

2. Fementation

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2
Q

Anaerobic Respiration

A

Essentially the same as aerobic respiration except an inorganic molecule other than O2 is the electron acceptor at the end of the ETC.

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3
Q

Example of alternative electron acceptors are

what do bacteria and archaea use them to produce

A

NO3 (nitrate) =Nitrogen gas,
Sulphate= Hydrogen Sulphate
Co2 = Methane Gas ( CH4)

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4
Q

The number of ATP generated per molecule of glucose depends on what

A

The electron acceptor at the end of the ETC ( anaerobic always yield less than aerobic)

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5
Q

Example of greenhouse gasses

A

Co2 and methane Ch4

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6
Q

Organisms that use fermentation

A

Acquire ATP only from Glycolysis

Some microorganisms

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7
Q

Aerobic Respiration vs Fermentation

A

In FERMENTION Glycolysis still yields 2 ATPS, 2 NADH , 2 molecules of pyruvate per molecule of glucose.
Nadh does not donate its electrons to an electron transport chain.
Pyruvate is not further oxidized.

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8
Q

What happens to the electrons and Nadh produced in glycolysis

A

Nadh reduces pyruvate producing NAD+ so that glycolysis can continue ( 2 NAD+ and 2 H+= 2 NADH)
N0 additional ATP is generated.

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9
Q

BEcause of the inefficiency of fermentation where do most fermenters live

A

microorganisms live in sugar rich environments

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10
Q

Alcoholic Fermentation produces

A

Ethanol

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11
Q

The steps of Alcoholic Fermentation

A
  1. Pyruvate is converted to acetaldehyde and Carbon dioxide

2. Nadh reduces acetdehyde to produce NAD+ and etanol

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12
Q

Lactic acid fermentation

A

NADH is used to reduce pyruvate .

The products are 3 carbon compounds ( lactic acid and NAD+

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13
Q

Lactic acid fermentation in Human muscles

A

during strenuous exercise after 02 is depleted, the mucle can only get ATP FROM GLYCOLYSIS ( The cells use lactic acid fermentation to generate NAD+ so that glycolysis can continue.

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14
Q

The recovery process afterLactic acid fermentation in Human muscles

A

liver cells convert lactic acid back pyruvate. Mitochondria then process the pyruvate as usual by aerobic respiration

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