U5 L1 Absolutism In England: 16-17th Centuries (PART 1)

Question 1

How did Absolutism grow out in England?

Answer 1

War of the Roses

Question 2

How did Absolutism grow out in France?

Answer 2

Catholic and Huguenot conflict over the control of the French throne

Question 3

How did Absolutism end in England?

Answer 3

with English civil war and the victory of Parliament

Question 4

In which country did absolutism last longer, France or England?

Answer 4

France

Question 5

What did Mercantilism grow out of?

Answer 5

• exploration and settlement of colonies

- European countries adopted it to protect trading interests

Question 6

How were the years from 1500 to 1750 characterized?

Answer 6

years of adventure, knowledge and wealth

Question 7

After the Renaissance, which two theories predominated in govt?

Answer 7

-one political and one economic

Absolutism and Mercantilism

Question 8

What is Absolutism?

Answer 8

• King chosen by God

- Absolute in their powers and responsible only to God

Question 9

What is Mercantilism?

Answer 9

• economic extension of absolute govt

- developed to increase power/wealth by govt regulation of economy

Question 10

Who were the two most successful Tudors?

Answer 10

Henry VII and Elizabeth I

Question 11

What were the three reasons Philip II of Spain sent the ‘Invincible Armada’?

Answer 11

• resented Eng aid and interference in Netherlands
• return Eng to Catholic Church
• (most important) stop Eng interference with its New World Trade

Question 12

Who were John Hawkins and Sire Francis Drake?

Answer 12

English pirates/adventurers

Question 13

What was Elizabeth I’s view on the English pirates?

Answer 13

• claimed she could not control it

- but secretly supported it

Question 14

Who led the English fleet against the Spanish Armada?

Answer 14

Admiral Lord Charles Howard

Question 15

What did the defeat of the Armada allow England to do?

Answer 15

establish colonies

Question 16

How long did Elizabeth I rule England?

Answer 16

45 years

Question 17

Who was Elizabeth I’s leading minister?

Answer 17

William Cecil, Lord Burghley

Question 18

What did James I’s accession to the Eng throne unite?

Answer 18

crowns of Scot and Eng

Question 19

What was the Act of Union in 1707?

Answer 19

constitution union of Scot and Eng

Question 20

Why did James I dissolve the Parliament?

Answer 20

because they refused to provide his requested money

Question 21

How did James I raise money after dissolving the Parliament?

Answer 21

• borrowing/selling crown lands
• granting monopolies
• increasing number of impositions
• selling titles

Question 22

In 1621, Parliament launched an general attack on what?

Answer 22

James I’s economic policy and monopolies

Question 23

What were the two factors by which James problems with the Parliament were complicated?

Answer 23

• govt costs and Parl member income increasing, but Parl insisted on right to control levies
• gentry and merchants/manufacturers grew in economic importance