U8 L4 The Russian Revolution: 1905

Question 1

Did the Russian Revolution take place before or after the end of WWI?

Answer 1

before

Question 2

Who wrote the Communist Manifesto?

Answer 2

Karl Marx and Friedrich Engels

Question 3

What was the economic and political philosophy that Marx and Engels developed?

Answer 3

communism

Question 4

What is a Manifesto?

Answer 4

Public written declaration of:

• beliefs and principles
• policies
• objectives
• issued by political movement or candidate

Question 5

Marx believed that all history was the history of conflict between what?

Answer 5

the classes`

Question 6

How did Socialism and Communism differ for Marx?

Answer 6

S- broad term

C- advanced stage of socialism

Question 7

Marx viewed political equality and freedom as incomplete without what?

Answer 7

economic equality

Question 8

To close the economic gap, what did Marx and Engels recommend nationalizing and putting production under the control of?

Answer 8

means of production, workers

Question 9

What was the process Marx and Engels devised that would convert all nations to communism?

Answer 9

• production under worker control
• social services free of charge
• no need for money, bc no buying selling
• people work for common good
• national govt and wars eliminated

Question 10

What were the 2 groups the Marxist movement was divided into? How did they differ?

Answer 10

Socialists- social ownership and production operation achieve gradually and peacefully
Communists- class struggle and armed revolution necessary

Question 11

What is a Czar?

Answer 11

male monarch/emperor of Russia before 1917

Question 12

What did Czar Alexander II sign? What did it do?

Answer 12

• Emancipation Manifesto

- set serfs free from noble ownership

Question 13

What was Czar Alexander II’s goal?

Answer 13

• bring Russia out of Dark ages and into modern world

- end feudal system

Question 14

Who was Czar Alexander II’s grandson and became Russia’s czar in 1894?

Answer 14

Nicholas II

Question 15

From who did the most pressure for revolution in Russia come from?

Answer 15

single Marxist group

Question 16

In 1903, the Marxist group pressuring for revolution split into which 2 factions? Who were they led by?

Answer 16

Bolsheviks- The Majority, Vladimir Lenin

Mensheviks- The Minority, Leon Trotsky

Question 17

What was the difference between Vladimir Lenin and Leon Trotsky?

Answer 17

V- wanted single minded, revolutionaries

L- encouraged open party that allowed debate and discussion

Question 18

Between Jan 3-7 1905, where and how many people went on strike?

Answer 18

• 140,000-150,000

- St Petersburg

Question 19

What was the main political goal the people striking in St. Petersburg were aiming for?

Answer 19

public representation in govt

Question 20

When did Bloody Sunday occur?

Answer 20

Jan 22, 1905

Question 21

How many people were gathered around St. Petersburg on Bloody Sunday?

Answer 21

50,000

Question 22

Did the people on Bloody Sunday march peacefully?

Answer 22

yes

Question 23

What did the people on Bloody Sunday hope to present?

Answer 23

petition to Czar Nicholas II

Question 24

How many people were killed on Bloody Sunday?

Answer 24

800-1000

Question 25

What was the most famous mutiny after Bloody Sunday? What happened?

Answer 25

• crew Potemkin
• threw officers overboard
• attempted to help revolutionaries in the capital

Question 26

As a result of the riots and demonstration, what was Czar Nicholas forced to sign?

Answer 26

October Manifesto

Question 27

What did the October Manifesto grant and create?

Answer 27

• freedom of speech and assembly

- main legislature Duma

Question 28

Who was a Bolshevik?

Answer 28

member of left-wing majority group of the Russian Social Democratic Workers Party

Question 29

Who was a Menshevik?

Answer 29

member of liberal minority group of the Russian Social Democratic Party

Question 30

Did the Mensheviks struggle against the Bolsheviks before and during the Russian revolution?

Answer 30

yes