U5 L2 Asolutism In England: 17th Century

Question 1

The first English civil war began with a wake of what?

Answer 1

Irish rebellion

Question 2

What was the Grand Remonstrance?

Answer 2

• made by Parl

- list of objections to royal policy

Question 3

Who and which areas supported Charles I?

Answer 3

• north and west of England

- CAAC (Catholics, moderate Anglicans, Aristocracy, conservative agricultural interests)

Question 4

Who and which areas supported the Parliament?

Answer 4

• south and east of England

- LMMPP (London, Merchants and Middle class, Presbyterian, Puritans)

Question 5

What were the supporters of Charles I/royalist supporters called?

Answer 5

Cavaliers

Question 6

What were the supporters of the Parliament called?

Answer 6

Roundheads (because of short cut hair)

Question 7

What were the 3 issues of the English Civil War?

Answer 7

• King and Parl struggle for supremacy
• new economic groups wanted role in govt
• national church or freedom for several Protestant groups

Question 8

Who was Oliver Cromwell?

Answer 8

• general and political leader of parl forces

- his army was backbone of parl forces

Question 9

When and in which battle were Charles I and the Cavalier forces forced to surrender?

Answer 9

Battle of Naseby in 1646

Question 10

Who were the Independents? And what did they want after Charles’ surrender in 1646?

Answer 10

• minority group led by Oliver Cromwell
• distrusted Charles
• religious freedom for themselves and Protestants

Question 11

When did Charles renew the war?

Answer 11

1648

Question 12

Which defeat have control of the war/situation to the Independents?

Answer 12

Second defeat

Question 13

What was the Rump Parliament.

Answer 13

• Independents purged Parl

- remaining members called Rump Parl

Question 14

When was Charles I beheaded?

Answer 14

January 30, 1649

Question 15

What happened after Charles’ death?

Answer 15

• House of Lords was abolished

- England became a republic

Question 16

Which countries refused to recognize Common wealth

Answer 16

Scotland and Ireland

Question 17

What do Cromwell do after disbanding the Rump Parliament? And when?

Answer 17

• 1653

- called a new assembly chosen by army leaders

Question 18

What was the Instrument of Government?

Answer 18

• made by the army leaders after Cromwell’s decision to make an assembly chosen by them was ineffective
• England’s first and only constituton

Question 19

What title did Cromwell take up?

Answer 19

Lord Protector of life

Question 20

Why Cromwell’s government fail?

Answer 20

Absence of support by the majority of England

Question 21

When did Cromwell die?

Answer 21

1658

Question 22

When did England become a monarchy again?

Answer 22

1660

Question 23

What was Charles II known as?

Answer 23

Merry monarch

Question 24

What did Charles II promise to do?

Answer 24

• respect Parliament

- observe Magna Carta and Petition of Right

Question 25

What group was the Parliament determined to exclude from the government?

Answer 25

Non-Anglicans

Question 26

What was the Test Act?

Answer 26

Excluded non-anglicans

Question 27

What was the Disabling Act?

Answer 27

• 1678

- prevented Catholics from Parl membership

Question 28

What were the 2 important developments that came out of Charles II’s reign?

Answer 28

• Habeas Corpus Act

- emergence of Political Parties, Whig and Tory party

Question 29

What did the Habeas Corpus do? And when was it passed?

Answer 29

• 1679
• anyone believing they had been unjustly imprisoned
• could get a wit or habeas corpus to force govt to explain why he was held

Question 30

Who succeeded Charles II?

Answer 30

James II

Question 31

Was James II Catholic or Protestant?

Answer 31

Catholic

Question 32

What did the Whig and Tory party support?

Answer 32

W- Parl

T- king

Question 33

What did James II that proved he was not cautious and overall pretty much a downgrade from Charles II?

Answer 33

• enlarged army
• defeated rebellion by Protestant pretenders to the throne
• violated Test Act

Question 34

How were the English prepared to tolerate James II?

Answer 34

As long as his two protestant daughters succeeded him

But a son was born and whoops