A&P 1.04

Question 0

Vastus medialis

A,O,I

Answer 0

A - extend the knee (tibiofemoral joint)
O - medial lip of the linea aspera
I - tibial tuberosity via the patella ligament

Question 1

Vasti

Answer 1

Huge

Vastus lateralis
Vastus medialis
Vastus intermedius

Question 2

Vastus lateralis

A, O, I

Answer 2

A - extend the knee (tibiofemoral joint)
O - lateral lip of the linea aspera, gluteal tuberosity and greater trochanter
I - tibial tuberosity (via the patella and patellar ligament)

Question 3

Vastus intermedius

A, O, I

Answer 3

A - extend the knee
O- anterior and lateral shaft of the femur
I - tibial tuberosity ( via the patella and patellar ligament)

Question 4

Linea aspera

Answer 4

Roughened ridge on posterior of femur

Question 5

Bones to know

Answer 5

Illium, ischium, pubis, femur, tibia,

Question 6

Structures to know

Answer 6

Pelvis
Femur
Lower leg

Question 7

Structures to know

Pelvis

Answer 7

Illiac crest,
ASIS,
AIIS
Acetabulum

Question 8

Structures to know

Femur

Answer 8

Head
Shaft condyles
Linea aspera
Gluteal tuberosity
Trochanter

Question 9

Structures to know

Lower leg

Answer 9

Tibial tuberosity

Malleolus

Question 10

Muscles can act on what joints?

Answer 10

Only joints they cross over

Question 11

Homeostasis

Answer 11

Homeo - same

Stasis - standing still

Question 12

Homeostasis defined

Answer 12

The condition of equilibrium, or balance in the body’s internal and external environment, which remains relatively constant.

Maintained within the body by using a feedback mechanism.

Question 13

Body’s internal environment

Answer 13

We are a bag of fluid

Important aspect of homeostasis is by regulating it’s body fluid: volume and composition

Question 14

Feedback mechanism

Answer 14

Negative and positive
Actions/ mechanism that keep us in balance
Triggered by a stimulus or change in our environment
Receptors detect change
Body reacts

+ (positive) = increase
- (negative) = decrease

Question 15

Positive Feedback mechanisms

Answer 15

Stimulators
Feedback increases the stimulus until something stops the process

Example: Giving birth

Question 16

Negative feedback mechanisms

Answer 16

Primary feedback mechanism
Inhibitory
Feedback triggers mechanism to stop stimulus (in the opposite direction)
Example: Change in temperature or blood pressure

Question 17

Homeostasis regulates

Answer 17

How much fluid there is
Where the fluids needs to be
And what’s in it

Question 18

Urinary system

Structures

Answer 18

Anatomy structure : kidney

Accessory structures:
ureters,
urinary bladder &
urethra

Question 19

Urinary system

Functions

Answer 19

Produces, stores and eliminates waste
Regulates volume and chemical composition of the blood
Helps maintain the acid-base balance (ph) of blood fluids
Maintains mineral balance
Helps regulate production of RBC’s (red blood cells)

Question 20

Respiratory system

Answer 20

Upper & lower

Question 21

Respiratory system

Upper

Answer 21

Nose
Pharynx (throat)
     Nasopharynk
     Oropharynk
     Laryngopharynk
Larynx (voice box)

Question 22

Respiratory system

Lower structures

Answer 22

Trachea (windpipe)
Bronchial tubes
Lungs

Question 23

Respiratory system functions

Answer 23

Transfers oxygen from inhaled air to blood
Transfers carbon dioxide from blood to exhaled air
Helps regulate acid-base balance of body fluids
Produces sound: air flowing through larynx creates sound

Question 24

Identify and distinguish pectoral girdle and upper extremity

Answer 24

``` Scapula: shoulder blade Clavicle: collar bone Humerus: arm bone Radius: forearm (lat) Ulna: forearm ( med) Carpals: wrist Metacarpals: hand Phalanges: fingers digit ```

Question 25

Bony attachments Musculoskeletal anatomy

Answer 25

``` Glenoid cavity Supraglenoid tubercle Infraglenoid tubercle Coracoid process Ulnar tuberosity Radial tuberosity ```

Question 26

Glenoid cavity

Answer 26

shallow depression that accepts the head of the humerus to form the glenohumeral joint

Question 27

Supraglenoid tubercle

Answer 27

Superior to the glenoid cavity on the scapula

Question 28

Infraglenoid tubercle

Answer 28

located at the most superior aspect of the lateral border of the scapula

Question 29

Coracoid process

Answer 29

at the lateral end of the superior border of the scapula is a projection on the anterior surface to which tendons of muscles attach

Question 30

Ulnar tuberosity

Answer 30

Proximal end of the ulna

Question 31

Radial tuberosity

Answer 31

Proximal end of the radius

Question 32

Directional terms Pelvic girdle and upper extremity

Answer 32

``` Internal (medial) rotation External(lateral) rotation Supination/ supine Pronation/prone Ventral Dorsal ``` Review: flexion and extension in sagittal plane

Question 33

Internal (medial) rotation

Answer 33

Long bones rotate toward the midline

Question 34

External (lateral) rotation

Answer 34

Rotation of the long bones away from the midline Primarily arms and hips

Question 35

Supination In hand or foot

Answer 35

Holding a bowl of soup; radius and ulna are parallel

Question 36

Pronation In hand or foot

Answer 36

Prone to spill; radius crosses over ulna

Question 37

Ventral

Answer 37

Front

Question 38

Dorsal

Answer 38

Back

Question 39

Body fluids List

Answer 39

``` Intercellular fluid Extracellular fluid Interstitial fluid Blood plasma Lymph Cerebrospinal fluid Synovial fluid ```

Question 40

Intracellular fluid

Answer 40

Cytosol Cytoplasm Fluid inside the cell

Question 41

Extracellular fluids (ECF) | 5

Answer 41

Fluid outside the cells ``` Interstitial fluid Blood plasma Lymph Cerebrospinal fluids Synovial fluid ```

Question 42

Interstitial fluid

Answer 42

Fills spaces between the cells of tissue

Question 43

Blood plasma

Answer 43

ECF in the blood vessels

Question 44

Lymph

Answer 44

ECF in the lymphatic vessels

Question 45

Cerebrospinal fluids (CSF)

Answer 45

ECF found in and around the brain and spinal cord

Question 46

Synovial fluids

Answer 46

ECF found in the synovial joints