A&P - Chapter 27 (Part 2)

Question 1

What is dependant on hemoglobin? (2)

Answer 1

1. Transport

2. Exchange of O2 and CO2 between blood and cells

Question 2

What does Hb transport ? (2)

Answer 2

1. O2 and oxyhemoglobin

2. CO2 as carbaminohemoglobin

Question 3

How many globulin chains are there in Hb?

Answer 3

4

Question 4

What do the globulin chains attach onto?

Answer 4

The heme groups

Question 5

Anemia

Answer 5

Inability of the blood to carry adequate oxygen to body cells

Question 6

When can anemia occur? (2)

Answer 6

1. Deficiency of RBCs
2. Deficiency of Hb
   - even if there are adequate numbers of RBCs

Question 7

What are 6 types of anemia?

Answer 7

1. Aplastic anemia
2. Pernicious anemia
3. Folate deficiency anemia
4. Blood loss or hemorrhagic anemia
5. Iron deficiency anemia
6. Sickle cell anemia

Question 8

What types of anemia is related to the number of RBCs? (4)

Answer 8

1. Aplastic anemia
2. Pernicious anemia
3. Folate deficiency anemia
4. Blood loss or hemorrhagic anemia

Question 9

What types of anemia is related to Hb? (2)

Answer 9

1. Iron deficiency anemia

2. Sickle cell anemia

Question 10

Aplastic anemia

Answer 10

Decreased numbers of RBCs following destruction of hemopoietic elements in the bone marrow

Question 11

Why does aplastic anemia occur? (4)

Answer 11

1. Toxins
2. Certain drugs
3. High dose irradiation
4. Chemotherapy

Question 12

How can you treat aplastic anemia?

Answer 12

Bone marrow transplants

Question 13

Pernicious anemia

Answer 13

Decrease numbers of RBC

Question 14

What causes pernicious anemia? (2)

Answer 14

1. Dietary deficiency of B12

2. Deficiency of intrinsic factor

Question 15

What does deficiency of the intrinsic factor lead to?

Answer 15

Decreased absorption of vitamin B12

Question 16

What is required for RBC production?

Answer 16

Vitamin B12

Question 17

What can happen if pernicious anemia is not treated?

Answer 17

It can be fatal

Question 18

Folate deficiency anemia

Answer 18

Decrease in RBCs

- similar to pernicious anemia

Question 19

What causes folate deficiency anemia?

Answer 19

Due to folate (folic acid) deficiency

Question 20

What is folate deficiency anemia common amoung? (2)

Answer 20

1. Alcoholics

2. Malnourished

Question 21

Blood loss/hemorrhagic anemia

Answer 21

Decreased RBC numbers caused by hemorrhage

Question 22

Iron deficiency anemia

Answer 22

Deficiency of Hb

- due to iron deficiency

Question 23

How will someone feel if they have iron deficiency anemia?

Answer 23

Tired all the time

Question 24

How can iron deficiency anemia be treated?

Answer 24

Supplementation

Question 25

Sickle cell anemia

Answer 25

Severe and sometimes fatal genetic disease | - especially if gene is inherited from both parents

Question 26

What is sickle cell anemia caused by?

Answer 26

Abnormal type of Hb that forms solid crystals when blood oxygen is low

Question 27

What does sickle cell anemia cause?

Answer 27

RBC shape to become distorted

Question 28

What happens when a RBC is distorted in shape?

Answer 28

It is no longer functioning properly

Question 29

What never leaves the body?

Answer 29

Heavy metals

Question 30

What is the only heavy metal that leaves the body?

Answer 30

Iron