A&P - Chapter 29 (Part 1)

Question 1

Angiogenesis

Answer 1

Formation of blood vessels

Question 2

What are 3 types of blood vessels?

Answer 2

1. Arteries
2. Veins
3. Capillaries

Question 3

What do arteries do?

Answer 3

Carries blood AWAY from the heart ventricles

Question 4

What is the largest artery of the body?

Answer 4

Aorta

- closest to the heart

Question 5

What kind of circulation happens in capillaries?

Answer 5

Microcirculation

Question 6

What do capillaries do?

Answer 6

It is the site of gas and nutrient exchange between blood and tissue fluid around cells
- capillary beds/network

Question 7

Where is the highest concentration and metabolic rate?

Answer 7

Capillaries

Question 8

What do veins do?

Answer 8

Bring blood TOWARDS the heart atria

Question 9

What are the largest veins?

Answer 9

Superior vena cava and inferior vena cava

- closest one to the heart

Question 10

What are 4 types of materials that make up the wall of a blood vessel?

Answer 10

1. Endothelial tissue/endothelium
   - lining
2. Collagen fibres
3. Elastic fibres
4. Smooth muscle tissues

Question 11

What does the endothelial tissue do?

Answer 11

Provides the lumen of blood vessels with a smooth surface

Question 12

What does endothelial tissue influence? (2)

Answer 12

1. Blood flow

2. Intravascular blood clotting

Question 13

What tissue allows for exchange of gases, nutrients and other substances?

Answer 13

A special type of simple squamous epithelium

Question 14

What do intercellular clefts between the cells and fenestrations do?

Answer 14

They dictate movement of substances in and out of the blood vessel

Question 15

What do collagen fibres do?

Answer 15

They provide blood vessels with strength and some flexibility
- not as much as elastic fibres

Question 16

What is the function of the collagen fibres?

Answer 16

To keep the lumen of blood vessels open

- strengthen blood vessels walls

Question 17

What do elastic fibres do?

Answer 17

They arrange concentrically in large elastic arteries allowing for distention and recoiling

Question 18

What do elastic fibres maintain?

Answer 18

Passive tension of blood vessels of normal blood pressure

Question 19

Passive tension

Answer 19

Stretched beyond its resting strength

Question 20

Where are smooth muscle tissue found?

Answer 20

In the walls of all blood vessels

- except capillaries

Question 21

Where is the highest concentration of smooth muscle tissue? (2)

Answer 21

1. Elastic arteries

2. Muscular arteries

Question 22

Active tension

Answer 22

Contraction

Question 23

What are the 3 blood vessels layers?

Answer 23

1. Tunica intima
2. Tunica media
3. Tunica externa

Question 24

What layer is the tunica intima?

Answer 24

The inner layer

- single layer of squamous epithelial cells

Question 25

What layer is the tunica media?

Answer 25

The middle layer

Question 26

What kind of tissue is the tunica media layer?

Answer 26

Smooth muscles of elastic tissue

Question 27

What vessel has thicker walls?

Answer 27

Arteries

Question 28

Why do arteries have a thicker wall?

Answer 28

To withstand systole | - contractions

Question 29

What is the tunica media important for?

Answer 29

Blood pressure regulation | - smooth muscles (ANS)

Question 30

Where is the tunica externa/adventitia located?

Answer 30

It is the outermost layer of the blood vessel

Question 31

What is the tunica externa made up of?

Answer 31

Collagen fibres

Question 32

What does tunica adventitia do?

Answer 32

It reinforces the wall of the vessel to withstand pressure

Question 33

Which vessel has the thickest tunica externa?

Answer 33

Veins

Question 34

What does tunica intima contain in veins?

Answer 34

One way valves to prevent back flow of blood

Question 35

What is not found in arteries?

Answer 35

One way valves