Flashcards in ANS Ch 16 Deck (45)
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1
ANS
System of motor neurons that innervates smooth and cardiac muscles and glands. Also called involuntary or visceral motor system.
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Two neuron chain
ANS uses two neurons to reach the effector unlike the CNS that uses only one
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Preganglionic neuron
First neuron whose body lies lies within the brain or spinal cord, it synapses with the second motor neuron.
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Post ganglioninc neuron
Second motor neuron whose cell body is within the autonomic ganglion outside the CNS.
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2 autonomic neurotransmitters
Acetylcholine
Epi and Nor Epi
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Autonomic postganglionic fibers release?
Epi and Nor Epi
Secreted by most sympathetic fibers
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Parasympathetic fibers release
ACh
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Dual Innervation
Two divisions of the ANS--sympathetic and parasympathetic--balance each other out
Some organs only receive sympathetic stimulation but vital organs have both.
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Parasympathetic
Rest and digest:
Craniosacral: originate in brain and sacrum
Long preganglion short post ganglion fibers
Ganglion are close to organ served
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Sympathetic
Fight or flight:
Thoracolumbar: originate in thoracic and lumbar
Short preganglion and long post ganglion fibers
Ganglion are close to spinal cord
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Cranial Part
Oculomotor (III)
Facial (VII)
Glossopharyngeal (IX)
Vagus (X)
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Oculomotor nerve
Innervated the smooth muscles of the eye that causes the pupil to constrict and lens to bulge. Synapse in the ciliary ganglia
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Facial nerves
Activate nasal glands and lacrimal glands: pterygopalatine ganglia
Stimulate sublingual salivary glands: submandibular ganglia
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Glossopharyngeal nerves
Synapse in the otic ganglia. Activate parotid salivary glands anterior to the ears
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Vagus Nerve
Account for 75% or preganglionic parasympathetic fibers and innervate virtually every thoracic and abdominal oregan
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Sacral Part
Serves pelvic organs and distal half of the intestines. S1-S4 forn the pelvic splanchnic nerves.
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Sympathetic Division
Arise from T1 - L2,
Thoracolumbar division
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3 locations of sympathetic ganglionic neurons
Sympathetic chain ganglia (paravertebral)
Collateral ganglia (prevertebral)
Adrenal medulla (release neurotransmitters into the blood stream)
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Cholinergic fibers
Fibers that release ACh, effects are always excititory
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Adernergic fibers
Fibers that release NE,
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Cholinergic receptors
ACh binding receptors
Nicotinic
Muscarinic
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Nicotinic Receptors
Ach receptor
Affects are always stimulatory
Found on all postganglionid neurons both sympathetic and parasymathetic
Neuromuscular junctions
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Muscarinic Receptors
Ach receptor
Either inhibitory or stimulatory
Cardiac=slows
Smoth muscle=increases
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Adenergic receptors
NE Binding Receptors
Alpha
Beta
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NE and Epinephrine
Can be either excitatory or inhibitory
depending on target organ
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Sympathetic or vosomotor tone
Partial continual blood vessal constriction, dilate slightly and constrict slightly to maintain BP
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Parasympetheitc tone
Slows heart rate and dictates normal activity in the digestive and urinary tracts
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Uniquely sympathetic functions
Thermoregulatory responce to heat
Release of Renin from Kidneys
Metobolic rate regulation
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Localized affects
Parasympatheitc only has localized affects
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