Flashcards in Chapter 7 Axial Skeleton Deck (24):
1
The axial skeleton is composed of:
80 bones
The skull- 8 cranial, 14 facial
6 auditory ossicles and a hyoid bone
Vertebral column- 24 vertebrae a sacrum and a coccyx
Thoracic cage- stermun and 24 ribs
2
Sinuses have 3 major functions
1. lesson the weight of the bone
2. mucus membrane moistens and cleans the air
3. resonating chamber in speech production
3
Sutures of the cranium
Lambdoid: connects the occidental bone with two parietal
Coronal: attaches frontal bone to the parietal bones
Sagittal: extends from the lamboid suture to the coronal suture between the parietal bones
Squamous: the joins of the parietal and temporal bones on each side
4
Name 6 cranial bones
Frontal
Parietal
Temporal
Occipital
Ethmoid
Sphenoid
5
Characteristic of the occipital bone
External occipital protuberance
Foreamen magnum
Jugular foramen: lies between occipital and parietal bones, IJ passes through
Hypoglossal canals: at lateral base of each occipital condyle
6
Characteristics of the parietal bones
Superior lateral surface, paired.
Articulate with occipital, temporal, frontal and sephenoid bones
7
Characteristic of the frontal bone
Articulates with the parietal, sphenoid, nasal, lacrimal, maxillary, and zygomatic bones
Lacrimal fossa houses the lacrimal glands
8
Characteristics of the temporal bones
Functions:
Forms part of both lateral walls of the cranium and the zygomatic arches
Only articulations with the mandible
House the inner ear organs
Attachment sites of muscles that close the jaw
Styloid process: attaches to the hyoid bone
Petrous part: internal surface and houses internal ear
Internal and external meatus
9
Charateristics of the Sphenoid bone
Part of the floor of the cranium, connects cranial and facial bones, acts as a cross brace.
Stella turcica=saddle, within is the hypophyseal fossa that houses the pituitary gland
Optic canals: optic nerve passes here
10
Characteristic of the Ethmoid bone
Anterior floor of the cranium and roof of the nasal cavity, part of the nasal septum
3 parts:
Cribiform plate
Parallel lateral masses
Perpendicular plate
Houses olfactery foramen
11
Nasal conchae (in the ethmoid bone)
The nasal conchae break up air flow in the nasal cavity
1. sticky mucus catches particles
2. slows air movement providing warmth and humidity
3. air is directed towards the superior nasal cavity
12
9 facial bones
Maxilla
Palatine
Nasal
Vomer
Inferior nasal conchae
Zygomatic
Lacrimal
Mandible
Hyoid
13
Characteristics of the maxilla
Upper jaw bones, support the upper teeth and inferior orbital rim
14
Characteristics of the palatine bones
Form the posterior portion of the hard palate and contribute to the floor of each orbit
15
Characteristics of nasal bones
Support the superior portion of the bride of the nose and the ethmoid, frontal bone and maxilla.
16
Characteristics of the vomer
Forms the inferior portion of the nasal septum
17
Characteristics of the inferior nasal conchae
Increases turbulence and increases surface area of the epithelial surfaces to promote warming
18
Characteristic of the zygomatic bones
Contribute to the rim and lateral wall of the orbits as well as the zygomatic arch.
19
Characteristics of the Lacrimal bones
Part of the medial wall of the orbits
Lacrimal sulcus : location of the lacrimal sac
20
Characteristics of the mandible
Articulates with the temporal bone at the mandibular fossa
21
Characteristics of the hyoid bone
Supports the larynx, pharynx and tongue. Attaches to the styloid ligaments that attach to the styloid process of the temporal bones
22
The orbital complexes consist of which 7 bones?
Frontal bone
Zygomatic bones
Maxilla
Ethmoid
Sphenoid
Lacrimal bones
Palatine
23
The nasal complexes consist of which bones?
Frontal bone
Nasal bones
Ethmoid: superior and middle nasal conchae
Sphenoid
Palatine
Inferior nasal conchae
24