Flashcards in Ch 3 Cytology Deck (23):
1
Cell types
Epithelial
Fibroblasts
Eythrocytes
Skeletal muscle
Smooth muscle
Fat cell
Macrophage
Nerce cell
Gamete
2
Phospholipids
Polar head: hydrophilic
Nonpolar tail: hydrophobic
3
Cholesterol
20% of cell membrane, stablizes membranes by decreasing mobility of phospholipids.
4
Membrane proteins
Integral protein: firmly incerted into lipid bilayer
Peripheral Proteins: Not imbeded in bilayer.Attach loosly to inegral proteins.
5
Cell Junctions
Tight Junctions
Desmosomes
Gap Junctions
6
Passive transport
Does not use ATP:
Difussion
Osmosis
7
Active transport
Uses ATP:
PRIMARY
SECONDARY
8
Vesicular transport
Endocytosis: Phagocytosis, pinocytosis and recepter mediated endocytosis
Exocytosis: Ejecting from cell
9
Membrane Potential
Diffudion causes ionic imballances that polarize the membrane. Active transport maintain membrane potential. Voltage
10
Membrane receptors
Contact signaling: Cells touch
Chemical signaling:receptors involved called Ligands. Neurotransmitters.
G Protein receptors: Middleman or relay to activate
11
Non-menbrane organells
Cytoskeleton, centrioles and ribosomes
12
Menbranous organells
peroxisomes,lysosomes, ER, Golgi apparatus
13
Mitochondria
Power plants, provide ATP supply, has its own DNA
14
Ribosomes
Sites for protein synthesis
15
Rough ER
Stubbed with Ribosomes, proteins thread their way into the ER cisterns
16
Smooth ER
Enzymess catylise these reactions:
Metabolize lipids
Synthesis steroid based hormones
Absorb synthesize and transport fat
Detoxify drugs
Break down stored glycogen
17
Golgi Apparatus
Traffic director. Takes proteins and lipids from ER to modify, package and concentrate them for export
18
Peroxisomes
Contain powerful enzymes to (oxidase and catalase) to detoxify harmful sustances and nuetralize harmful free radicles
19
Lysosomes
Large phagocytes that contain digestive enzymes to dispose of invading bacteria and waste
20
Cilia
Move substances accross cell surface (whiplike eyelashes)
21
Flagella
For perpullsion, found only in sperm
22
Microvilli
Little shaggy hairs, increase surface area
23