Ch 3 Cytology Flashcards Preview

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Flashcards in Ch 3 Cytology Deck (23)
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1
Q

Cell types

A
Epithelial 
Fibroblasts
Eythrocytes
Skeletal muscle
Smooth muscle
Fat cell
Macrophage
Nerce cell
Gamete
2
Q

Phospholipids

A

Polar head: hydrophilic

Nonpolar tail: hydrophobic

3
Q

Cholesterol

A

20% of cell membrane, stablizes membranes by decreasing mobility of phospholipids.

4
Q

Membrane proteins

A

Integral protein: firmly incerted into lipid bilayer

Peripheral Proteins: Not imbeded in bilayer.Attach loosly to inegral proteins.

5
Q

Cell Junctions

A

Tight Junctions
Desmosomes
Gap Junctions

6
Q

Passive transport

A

Does not use ATP:
Difussion
Osmosis

7
Q

Active transport

A

Uses ATP:
PRIMARY
SECONDARY

8
Q

Vesicular transport

A

Endocytosis: Phagocytosis, pinocytosis and recepter mediated endocytosis
Exocytosis: Ejecting from cell

9
Q

Membrane Potential

A

Diffudion causes ionic imballances that polarize the membrane. Active transport maintain membrane potential. Voltage

10
Q

Membrane receptors

A

Contact signaling: Cells touch
Chemical signaling:receptors involved called Ligands. Neurotransmitters.
G Protein receptors: Middleman or relay to activate

11
Q

Non-menbrane organells

A

Cytoskeleton, centrioles and ribosomes

12
Q

Menbranous organells

A

peroxisomes,lysosomes, ER, Golgi apparatus

13
Q

Mitochondria

A

Power plants, provide ATP supply, has its own DNA

14
Q

Ribosomes

A

Sites for protein synthesis

15
Q

Rough ER

A

Stubbed with Ribosomes, proteins thread their way into the ER cisterns

16
Q

Smooth ER

A
Enzymess catylise these reactions:
Metabolize lipids
Synthesis steroid based hormones
Absorb synthesize and transport fat
Detoxify drugs
Break down stored glycogen
17
Q

Golgi Apparatus

A

Traffic director. Takes proteins and lipids from ER to modify, package and concentrate them for export

18
Q

Peroxisomes

A

Contain powerful enzymes to (oxidase and catalase) to detoxify harmful sustances and nuetralize harmful free radicles

19
Q

Lysosomes

A

Large phagocytes that contain digestive enzymes to dispose of invading bacteria and waste

20
Q

Cilia

A

Move substances accross cell surface (whiplike eyelashes)

21
Q

Flagella

A

For perpullsion, found only in sperm

22
Q

Microvilli

A

Little shaggy hairs, increase surface area

23
Q

Protein synthesis

A

Transcription
RNA Processing
Translation