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Pharmacology > ANS pt 1 - slide 15-30 > Flashcards

ANS pt 1 - slide 15-30 Flashcards

(65 cards)

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1
Q

what is the net effect of latrotoxin

A

sudden inc in released ACh (due to displacement) - then a complete inhibition of ACH release leading to muscle paralysis

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2
Q

what does hemicholinium do

A

inhibits choline reuptake from the synapse

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3
Q

name the steps of adrenaline synthesis

A

Tyrosine
DOPA
Dopamine
Noradrenaline
Adrenaline

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4
Q

does amphetamine increase or decrease sympathetic effects

A

increases (its a sympathomimetic)

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5
Q

How does drugs such as alpha-methyl tyrosine and alpha-methyl DOPA work?

A

Inhibits the creation of DOPA from Tyrosine

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6
Q

what are the two mechanisms of action of amphetamine

A

1) displaces stored NE from vesicles
2) drives released NE into synapse through reversal of the NA reuptake transport system

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7
Q

what enzyme destroys NE when it is outside of the neurons

A

COMT
catechol-O-methyltransferase

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8
Q

what is atropine

A

a cholinergic receptor antagonist

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9
Q

what is the net effect of hemicholinium

A

decreased synthesis of ACh due to decreased choline

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10
Q

what is the effect of prevention of NE release

A

decreased NE release, decreased sympathetic effects

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11
Q

name an example of a drug that inhibits enzymatic NE breakdown

A

pargyline (MAO inhibitors)

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12
Q

what is another word for adrenaline

A

epinephrine

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13
Q

what is the net effect of a MAO inhibitor

A

inc sympathetic effects

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14
Q

name a drug that inhibits enzymatic breakdown of ACh

A

anti-cholinesterases such as neostigmine

nerve gases

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15
Q

what does pargyline do

A

its a MAO inhibitor, inhibits NE from getting broken down

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16
Q

what is another word for epinephrine

A

adrenaline

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17
Q

what is an example of a drug that displaces ACh from vesicles

A

latrotoxin (black widow venom)

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18
Q

what is the result of an adrenergic receptor agonists

A

stimulates beta 1 adrenergic receptors selectively (inc sympathetic effect)

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19
Q

what is VMA (vanillyl mandelic acid)

A

the metabolite found in urine when NE is released in the peripheral system

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20
Q

When NE is released in the central NS, what is the metabolite you’d find in urine

A

MOPEG
3-methoxy-4-hydroxyphenylglycol

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21
Q

what net effect does cocaine and tricyclic antidepressants have on the body

A

increased sympathetic effects

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22
Q

name an example of an adrenergic receptor antagonist

A

metoprolol

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23
Q

what is the effect of inhibition of NE storage in neurons

A

decreased release of NE, decreased sympathetic effects

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24
Q

what part of adrenergic neurotransmission does reserpine effect

A

inhibits NE storage

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25
what part of adrenergic neurotransmission does amphetamines effect
they displace NE from vesicles
26
what part of adrenergic neurotransmission does guanethidine effect
it prevents NE release
27
what is an example of an cholinergic receptor antagonist
atropine
28
ACh is made up of what two parts
Choline Acetyl-CoA
29
what enzyme is responsible for making ACh
ChAT choline acetyl transferase
30
When NE is released in the peripheral NS, what is the metabolite you'd find in urine
VMA vanillyl mandelic acid
31
what is muscarine
a cholinergic receptor agonist
32
what is the net effect of botulinum toxin
decreased ACh release and muscle paralysis
33
name an example of a cholinergic receptor agonist
muscarine
34
what is a drug that prevents ACh release
botulinum toxin
35
what enzyme breaks down ACh
Acetylcholinesterase
36
what part of adrenergic neurotransmission does cocaine and tricyclic antidepressants effect
they inhibit NE reuptake from the synapse
37
is noradrenaline the same as adrenaline?
nope
38
what is the net effect of atropine
blocks muscarinic cholinergic receptors
39
what does botulinum toxin do
inhibits ACh release
40
what do anti-cholinesterases, nerve gases and neostigmine do
inhibit enzymatic breakdown of ACh (inhibits AChE
41
alpha-methyl tyrosine and alpha-methyl DOPA are examples of what kind of drug
drugs that interfere with synthesis of NE
42
what kind of drugs displace NE from vesicles
amphetamines and derivatives
43
what is the net effect of muscarine
stimulates muscarinic cholinergic receptors
44
name some examples of drugs that inhibit NE reuptake from the synapse
cocaine tricyclic antidepressants
45
name an example of an adrenergic receptor agonists
dobutamine
46
what does vesamicol do
inhibits ACh storage
47
alpha and beta are what kind of receptors
adrenergic
48
what is the net effect of anti-cholinesterases such as neostigmine and nerve gases
increased ACh levels
49
what is an example of a drug that inhibits ACh storage in the neuron
vesamicol
50
what does latrotoxin do
displaces ACh from vesicles
51
what are the two kinds of ACh receptors
nicotinic muscarinic
52
what is a drug that inhibits choline reuptake
hemicholinium
53
what kind of drug is dobutamine
adrenergic receptor agonist
54
what is another word for noradrenaline
norepinephrine
55
how does ACh stop acting on receptors
it is destroyed by acetylcholinesterase
56
what is an example of a drug that inhibits NE storage
reserpine
57
How does NE stop acting on receptors?
It is reuptaken by the cells
58
what enzyme deactivates NE in the presynaptic cell
MAO ^monoamine oxidase
59
what part of ACh is reuptaken by the neuron
choline
60
what is the net effect of vesamicol
decreased release of ACh (since less is stored in vesicles)
61
what is another word for norepinephrine
noradrenaline
62
what kind of drug is metoprolol
adrenergic receptor antagonist
63
what is the result of an adrenergic receptor antagonists
bocks beta 1 adrenergic receptors selectively (dec sympathetic effect)
64
what is an example of a drug that inhibits NE storage
reserpine
65
what is MOPEG (3-methoxy-4-hydroxyphenylglycol)
the metabolite found in urine when NE is released in the central NS

Pharmacology (22 decks)

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