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Pharmacology > CNS 1-28 > Flashcards

CNS 1-28 Flashcards

(66 cards)

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1
Q

what does an inc of Cl- do in the body

A

hyperpolarizes a neuron

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2
Q

anti-histaminic effects due to tricyclic antidepressants can lead to what adverse effects

A

weight gain
fatigue

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3
Q

what type of anxiety disorder would antidepressants be used to treat

A

panic disorders

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4
Q

what does selegiline do

A

increases DA levels

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5
Q

name some SSRIs

A

fluoxetine
citalopram
escitalopram
paroxetine
sertraline

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6
Q

what is tyramine

A

a natural NA displacer

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7
Q

barbituates are more useful for what as opposed to treating anxiety

A

powerful sedative

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8
Q

name some adverse effects of benzodiazepines

A

drowsiness
atazia
drug accumulation
danger when combined w alcohol
anterograde anmesia
tolerance
dependance
withdrawl symptoms

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9
Q

name 2 MAOIs

A

phenelzine
pargyline

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10
Q

what does GABA do in the body

A

inc opening on a Cl- channel

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11
Q

what is a non-benzodiazepines anxiolytic

A

an anxiolytic drug that acts on GABAa receptors but does not share the same chemical structure of benzodiazepines

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12
Q

does buspirone act quickly

A

not really

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13
Q

name an MAO-B inhibitor

A

selegiline

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14
Q

what is selegiline used to treat

A

parkinsons

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15
Q

what drug when interacting with MAOIs can cause malignant hyperthermia

A

meperidine

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16
Q

what are non-benzodiazepines used for

A

treatment of insomnia

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17
Q

how does buspirone work

A

it decreases the release of serotonin

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18
Q

anti-muscarinic effects due to tricyclic antidepressants can lead to what adverse effects

A

constipation
blurred vision
xerostomia
fatigue

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19
Q

what is the chemical name for serotonin

A

5-hydroxytryptamine

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20
Q

what is a reversible MAOa inhibitors

A

moclobemide

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21
Q

zopiclone
zolpidem are examples of what kind of drugs

A

what is a non-benzodiazepines anxiolytic

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22
Q

name 2 side effects of buspirone

A

dizziness
lightheadedness

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23
Q

what is propranolol used to treat in terms of anxiety

A

social phobia
performance anxiety
anxiety related to memories of stressful events

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24
Q

what type of drug enhance the effect of GABA on GABA-A receptors

A

benxodiazepines

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25
name 2 tricyclic antidepressants
amitriptyline imipramine
26
where are serontonin receptors found
CNS BVs SM platelets GI tract
27
what is a use of zopiclone and zolpidem
treatment of insomnia
28
How are MAO and tyramine related
MAO destroys tyramine, blocking MAO can lead to inc tyramine, leading to inc NA
29
what is an adverse of flumazenil
it can trigger seizures
30
describe the half-life of tricyclic antidepressants
very long because theyre so lipid soluble and can be slowly released from adipose tissue
31
why can SSRIs be more popular than tricyclic antidepressants
do not have the same adverse effect profile
32
amitriptyline imipramine are examples of what kind of drugs
tricyclic antidepressants
33
anti-adrenergic effects due to tricyclic antidepressants can lead to what adverse effects
hypotension dizziness
34
what drug is found in the brain that acts on GABA receptors
gamma hydroxybutyrate
35
what drug often contains toxic residues from their chemical synthesis
GHB gamma hydroxybutyrate
36
name the 4 types of drugs used to treat anxiety
anxiolytics sedative hypnotics sypathetic system blockers antidepressants
37
name 2 sympathetic system blockers
propranolol clonidine
38
how does moclobemide help effects associated w tyramine
releases MAO from inhibiton if NA levels are too high
39
name two non-benzodiazepines anxiolytics
zopiclone zolpidem
40
what is buspirone
an anxiolytic
41
name 3 symptoms reduced by adrenergic anxiolytics
anxiety tachycardia dilated pupils tremor
42
name some adverse effects of SSRIs
anorexia insomnia sexual dysfunction anxiety
43
what type of drug is selegiline
MAO-B inhibitor
44
NA and 5HT are preferentially degrated by what
MAO-A
45
if you combine GHB or flunitrazepam with alcohol, what are some of the effects it can cause
fainting, anterograde amnesia, respiratory depression, bradycardia, hypotension
46
what is an antidote for benzodiazepines
flumazenil
47
name a type of sedative hypnotics
barbiturates
48
name 3 benzodiazepines
lorazepam clonazepam diazepam
49
phenelzine pargyline are examples of what kind of drug
MAOIs
50
fluoxetine citalopram escitalopram paroxetine sertraline are examples of what kind of drugs
SSRIs
51
name some adverse effects of barbituates
lethargy CV/resp depression induction of CYP enzymes interaction w alcohol inc harmful effects
52
most antidepressants aim to do what
increase levels of 5HT and NA
53
name 4 types of antidepressants
MAOIs tricyclic antidepressants selective 5HT reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs) 5HT+NA reuptake inhibitors (SNRIs)
54
what anxiolytic is not particularily effective at reducing anxiety on the emotional level
clonidine (alpha 2 agonist)
55
what hormone is degraded equally by MAO-A and MAO-B
DA
56
what is flumazenil used for
its an antidote for benzodiazepines
57
name 3 benefits of using buspirone
less sedative fewer interactions with alcohol less abuse than benzos
58
why can tricyclic antidepressants be dangerous
they have a narrow TI
59
name some adverse effects of MAOIs
HTN crisis interactions w other NA elevating drugs interaction with meperidine can produce malignant hyperthermia
60
state the process of serotonin synthesis
tryptophan 5-hydroxytryptophan 5-hydroxytryptamine
61
what are some benefits of using non benzodiazepam anxiolytics
fewer adverse effects affecting coordination and memory shorter duration shorter onset of action
62
what is the most abundant inhibitory neurotransmittor in the brain
GABA
63
name 3 clinical uses of benzodiazepines
sedation reduce anxiety muscle relaxation
64
what drug is 10x more potent than diazepam
flunitrazepam
65
what are the three types of effects that tricyclic antidepressants demonstrate
anti-histaminic anti-muscarinic anti-adrenergic
66
name 3 types of anxiolytics
benzodiazepines non benzodiazepines buspirone

Pharmacology (22 decks)

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