Antiparasitics 1 Flashcards by User Unknown

Amoebiasis

Diloxonide
Paramomycin
Metronidazole

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Giardia

Metronidazole

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Metronidazole moa

N group accepts e- from ferrodoxin of amoebic parasite
Reductive bioactivation produces cytotoxic products
React with protein and DNA

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For severe amoebiasis, hepatic amoebic abscess, extraintestinal amoebiasis

Metronidazole

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Can metronidazole penetrate the bbb?

Yes! Can be used to treat B fragilis brain abscess

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First line drug for C difficle colitis

Metronidazole

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Only aerobic bacteria that metronidazole can affect

Helicobacter pylori

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Dry mouth with metallic taste, pancreatitis, ataxia, encephalopathy, seizures, dizziness, vertigo, disulfiram like reaction

Metronidazole

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Metronidazole kind of drug

Nitromidazole

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Diloxinide furoate can affect which stage of amoeba?

Before encystment

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Entamoeba histolytica cyst, not active against trophozoites

Diloxonide

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Malaria caused by 4 species of Plasmodium

Falciparum
Vivax
Ovale
Malariae

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Most common plasmodium in the phil

Falciparum

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2nd most common plasmodium in the phil

Vivax

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Current P falciparum resistance profile in the phil

Artemether
Chloroquine
Fansidar

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Most number of cases of malaria in the Philippines

Palawan

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3 stages of Plasmodium cycle

Exo-erythrocytic
Erythrocytic
Sporogonic

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Gut of mosquito

Sporogonic

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Liver of human

Exo-erythrocytic

First line malaria treatment Philippines

Coartem

Only tissue schizontocide

Primaquine

Treatment regimen for uncomplicated vivax malaria

Day 0 and 1 CQ 150 mg, 10mg/kg/day, 4 tab/day

Day 2 CQ 150mg, 5mg/kg/day, 2 tab

Day 3 to 17 Primaquine, 15mg, 0.5mg/kg/d, 1 tab

Primaquine contraindicated in

Severe g6pd

Malaria prophylaxis drugs

Mefloquine

Doxycycline

Antibacterial 2nd line drugs for malaria

Tetracycline Doxycycline Clindamycin

Coartem

Artemether-lumefantrime

Very rapidly acting blood schizonticide against all malaria parasites, no effect on liver stage

Artemether

Artemether contraindicated for pregnant women?

NO!

Artemether metabolite

Dihydroartemisinin

Artemesia in the Philippines

Vulgaris

Endoperoxide containing natural antimalarials from sweet wormwood

Artemisinin

Lumefantrine, when taken with food

Improved absorption

Minor arrhythmia and long qt

Coartem

Quinine effect adverse

Cinchonism | Git distress, headache, vertigo, blurred vision, tinnitus

Quinine moa

Complexes with dsDNA preventing separation

Therapeutic dose may cause hypoglycemia by insulin release, especially in severe infections in pregnant patients

Quinine

Not usually used unless sure that it is vivax

Chloroquine

Prevents biocrystallization of parasite heme into hemozoin causing heme buildup and parasite lysis

Chloroquine

Alopecia, hair bleaching, hypotension, widened qrs, abnormal t waves

Chloroquine

Antifolate drugs, malaria

Pyrimethamine | Sulfadoxime

Fansidar

Fixed combination Sulfadoxime and Pyrimethamine

May cause folic acid deficiency

Pyrimethamine

Eradicates exoerythrocytic and gametocytic forms

Primaquine

With longer tissue stage, falciparum or vivax?

Vivax

How many days of primaquine?

Falciparum 1 | Vivax 14