antiphospholipid syndrome

Question 1

what is antiphospholipid syndrome?

Answer 1

-a disorder associated with antiphospholipid antibodies where the blood becomes prone to clotting and the patient is in a hyper coagulable state

Question 2

what disease can cause antiphospholipid syndrome?

Answer 2

SLE

Question 3

what are the 3 anti phospholipid antibodies?

Answer 3

lupus anticoagulant

anticardiolipin antibodies

anti-beta-2-glycoprotein I antibodies

Question 4

what antibodies are associated with anti-phospholipid syndrome?

Answer 4

anti-phospholipid antibodies:

• lupus anticoagulant
• anticardiolipin antibody
• anti-beta-2-glycoprotein I antibodies

Question 5

how is antiphospholipid syndrome diagnosed?

Answer 5

-with the history of recurrent thrombosis and/or miscarriage
AND
-presence of antibodies

antiphospholipid antibodies:

• lupus anticoagulant
• anticardiolipin antibody
• anti-beta-2 glycoprotein I antibodies

Question 6

what is the treatment for antiphospholipid syndrome?

Answer 6

-long term warfarin (with an INR range of 2-3 to prevent thrombosis)

PREGNANCY CONTRAINDICATES WARFARIN

in pregnant women:

• LMWH
• aspirin

Question 7

what may appear on skin of someone with antiphospholipid syndrome?

Answer 7

liverdo reticularis (a purple lace like rash that gives a mottled appearance on the skin)

Question 8

what complications can occur in antiphospholipid syndrome?

Answer 8

venous thromboembolism:

• PE
• deep vein thrombosis

Arterial thrombosis:

• stroke
• MI
• renal thrombosis

Pregnancy complicatiions:

• recurrent miscarriage
• still brith
• preeclampsia

Libmann-sacks endocarditis

Thrombocytopenia (low platelets)

Livedo reticularis (a purple lace like rash that gives a mottled appearance on the skin)

Question 9

what may APTT be like for patients with antiphospholipid syndrome?

Answer 9

• it may be prolonged

- prolonged APTT is associated with increased risk of blood clots