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Pharmacology > Antiplatelet Drugs > Flashcards

Antiplatelet Drugs Flashcards

1
Q

Aspirin mechanism of Action

A

Irreversible Acetylation of Serine on COX-1 and COX-2

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2
Q

Aspirin Usefulness

A

Low doe Platelets

Analgesic

Antipyretic

Antiinflammatory

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3
Q

Aspirin side effects

A

Bleeding

GI irritation: ulcer, erosion

Respiratory Alkalosis

Salicylism: Reye’s Syndrome

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4
Q

PDE-Inhibitor Drugs Class

A

Antiplatelet

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5
Q

PDE-Inhibitor Drugs

A

Dipyridamole

Cilostazol

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6
Q

Dipyridamole Mechanism Of Action

A

non-specific PDE-inhibitor

increases cAMP,cGMP and NO and vasodilates

Inhibits TXA2 synthesis and receptors

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7
Q

Dipyridamole Usefulness

A

Stroke prevention in coronary stents with aspirin

Alternative for cardiac stress test

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8
Q

Dipyridamole Side effects

A

N/V
Flushing
headaches
Hypotension
Abd Pain

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9
Q

Cilostazol Mechanism of Action

A

PDE-3 Inhibitor

increases cAMP

Stabilizes platelets: act like B2 on smooth muscle

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10
Q

Cilostazol Usefulness

A

Stroke prevention in coronary stent and restenosis

intermittent claudication

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11
Q

Cilostazol Side Effects

A

N/V
Flushing
Headaches
Hypotension
Abd Pain

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12
Q

ADP-R Blocker Drug Class

A

Antiplatelet

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13
Q

ADP-R Blocker Drugs

A

Ticagrelor

Clopidogrel

Prasugrel

Ticlopidine (off-market)

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14
Q

Ticagrelor Mechanism of Action

A

Reversible ADP (P2Y12) Receptor Blocker

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15
Q

Ticarelor Usefulness

A

prevent thrombotic events

faster than clopidogrel

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16
Q

Ticagrelor Side Effects

A

Dyspnea

Bleeding

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17
Q

Clopidogrel Mechanism of Action

A

Irreversible ADP (P2Y12) Receptor blocker

blocks expression of surface GPIIb/IIIa

prodrug

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18
Q

Clopidogrel Usefulness

A

Angioplasty
Stent
Stroke
Acute Coronary Syndrome

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19
Q

Clopidogrel Side Effects

A

GI Upset
bleeding
Leukopenia

inactive CYP: builds up: risk MI/Stroke

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20
Q

Prasugrel Mechanism of Action

A

Irreversible ADP (P2Y12) Receptor Blocker

Blocks expression of surface GPIIb/GPIIIa

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21
Q

Prasugrel usefulness

A

Angioplasty
Stent
Stroke
Acute Coronary Syndrome

Faster onset, more consistent than Clopidogrel

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22
Q

Prasugrel Side effects

A

Bleeding

TTP

23
Q

Ticlopidine (off-market) Mechanism of Action

A

Irreversible ADP (P2Y12) Receptor Blocker

blocks expression of surface GPIIb/IIIa

24
Q

Ticlopidine Usefulness

A

Angioplasty
Stent
Stroke
Acute Coronary Syndrome

25
Q

Ticlopidine Side Effects

A

GI Upset
Bleeding
Neutropenia
TTP

26
Q

Glycoprotein IIb/IIIa Inhibitor Drug class

A

Antiplatelet

27
Q

Glycoprotein IIb/IIIa Inhibitor Drugs

A

Abciximab

Eptifibatide

Tirofiban

28
Q

Abciximab Mechanism of Action

A

High affinity for GPIIb/IIIa-R

long action 7-10 days

29
Q

Abciximab Use

A

Stop platelets
angioplasty
stent
CAD
Stroke

30
Q

Abciximab Side Effects

A

bleeding
Severe Thrombocytopenia: may need to transfuse platelets

31
Q

Eptifibatide Mechanism of Action

A

Short acting: reversible

bind GPIIb/IIIa-R on platlets

32
Q

Eptifibatide Usefulness

A

stop platelets
angioplasty
stent
CAD
stroke

33
Q

Eptifibatide Side Effects

A

Bleeding

Thrombocyotpenia

34
Q

Tirofiban Mechanism of Action

A

Short acting

binds GPIIb/IIIa-R on platelets

35
Q

Tirofiban usefulness

A

Unstable angina

MI

Angioplasty

36
Q

Tirofiban Side Effects

A

Bleeding

Thrombocytopenia

37
Q

Fibrinolytic Drugs Class

A

Antiplatelet

38
Q

Fibrinolytic Drugs

A

Streptokinase

Alteplase

Retaplase

Tenecteplase

39
Q

Streptokinase Mechanism of Action

A

natural tPA: activates plasminogen to plasmin

40
Q

Streptokinase usefulness

A

Early MI

Acute Ischemic Stoke

Pulmonary Embolism

41
Q

Streptokinase Side Effects

A

BleedingH

42
Q

How do you reverse Streptokinase induced bleeding

A

Aminocaproic Acid

Tranexamic Acid

Platelet Infusions

43
Q

Alteplase Mechanism of Action

A

recombinant tPA: activates plasminogen to plasmin

cleaves thrombin and fibrin clots

44
Q

Alteplase Use

A

Early MI

Acute Ischemic Stroke

Pulmonary Embolism

45
Q

Alteplase Side Effects

A

Faster Action: less bleeding

46
Q

How do you reverse Alteplase induced bleeding

A

Aminocaproic Acid

Tranexamic Acid

Platelet Infusions

47
Q

Retaplase mechanism of Action

A

recombinant tPA: activates Plasminogen to plasmin

cleaves thrombin and fibrin clots

48
Q

Retaplase Usefulness

A

Early MI

Acute ischemic Stroke

Pulmonary Embolism

49
Q

Retaplase Side effects

A

Faster action: less bleeding

50
Q

How do you reverse Retaplase induced bleeding

A

Aminocaproic Acid

Tranexamic Acid

Platelet Infusions

51
Q

Tenecteplase Mechanism of Action

A

recombinant tPA: activates plasminogen to plasmin

cleaves thrombin and fibrin clots

52
Q

Tenecteplase usefulness

A

early MI

Acute ischemic stroke

pulmonary embolism

53
Q

Tenecteplase side effects

A

faster action; less bleedingh

54
Q

How do you reverse Tenecteplase induced bleeding

A

Aminocaproic Acid

Tranexamic Acid

Platelet Infusions

Pharmacology (18 decks)

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