Arbo 1 Flashcards by Chris Rodarte

Bunya Family includes what genuses

Bunyavirus

Hantavirus

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Families of Arbovirus

Bunya

Flavi

Toga

Reo

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Flavivirus serotypes

SLE

Dengue

Yellow Fever

JEE

West Nile

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Hantavirus serotype

Sin Nombre

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Bunyavirus serotypes

California + Lacrosse

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Togaviridae genuses

Rubella

Alphavirus

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Alphavirus serotypes

EEE, WEE, VEE

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Reoviridae genus and Serotypes

Rotavirus

Coltivirus (Serotype = Colorado Tick Fever Virus)

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Two types of transmission cycles

Man > Arthropod > Man

Animal > Arthropod > Man

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Arbovirus that displays BOTH transmission cycle types

Yellow Fever

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Arboviruses that have Animal-Arthropod-Man cycle:

Japanese Encephalitis

WEE, EEE

_Jungle _Yellow fever

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Arboviruses that show Man-Arthropod-Man cycle

Dengue

Urban Yellow Fever

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Most arboviruses have what host

mosquito

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Which Arboviruses have tick host

Colorado Tick Fever

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Other animal reservoirs

Birds (JE, SLE, EEE, WEE)

Pigs (JE)

Monkeys (YF)

Rodents (VEE, Hantavirus)

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___ and ___ cause hemorrhagic fever

yellow fever, dengue

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Dx for arboviruses

Serology (USUALLY)

Culture

Direct detection tests

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Bunyavirus human disease:

LaCrosse Encephalitis

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Bunyavirus genus that we’re concerned with

California Group (causes LaCrosse)

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Bunyavirus structure

Enveloped Segmented (-)RNA

Helical capsid

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Bunyavirus segments

L, M, S

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Bunyavirus carries ____

Transcriptase

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Most common cause of pediatric arboviral encephalitis

Bunyavirus

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Arbovirus infects ______ system

Reticuloendothelial

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\_\_\_\_\_\_\_ can block secondary viremia in arboviruses

Antibodies

Highest incidence of LaCrosse virus is in...

the midwest (Ohioooooo)

Major reservoir of LaCrosse (Bunya)

Chipmunks + Squirrels

LaCrosse Serology: When does antibody titer increase?

Between the acute and convalescent phases

Lacrosse virus has not been....

isolated from CSF

CSF characteristics for LaCrosse infection

Normal-ish ICP Normal Glucose Mildly high Protein **PMN Pleocytosis**

LaCrosse Encephalitis Brain biopsy can show...

**Perivascular** infiltration with **Mononuclear** Cells

Bunyavirus Control and Treatment

No Treatment or vaccine

Hantavirus: 2 clinical presentations-

1. HPS = Hantavirus Pulmonary Syndrome (Sin Nombre) 2. HFRS = Hemorrhagic Fever w Renal Syndrome\* \*In Asia

HPS (Sin Nombre) characterized by a ____ followed by acute respiratory failure

febrile **prodrome**

HPS Symptom Stages

Early (flu like) Late (Pulmonary)

HFRS initial symptoms

Head/Body ache FEVER Nausea Inflammation/ Redness of eyes Rash

HFRS Later Symptoms

Low BP Shock Vascular leakage ARF

Hantavirus primarily targets ______ cells after dissemination

_Vascular Endothelial_ esp. in heart, lung, lymph

Hantavirus causes __________ because of increased capillary permeability

**_protein-rich edema_** (and *_Interstitial Pneumonitis_* of edema fluid, mononuclear cells, and lymph/leukocytes)

Hantavirus reservoir

Deer Mouse

Humans get infected by Hantavirus by what 3 ways?

inhalation of rodent waste rodent bite contact with excretion of rodent

Hantavirus Dx

Serology IgM and IgG Immunochemistry RT-PCR

Hantavirus Tx

Supportive care (Fluid, BP, O2)

Flaviviruses hosts

Broad range

Flavivirus genome/structure

Positive ssRNA (resembles mRNA) Icosahedral Enveloped

Flavivirus replicates in the \_\_\_\_\_\_, and is released by \_\_\_\_\_\_

cytoplasm, exocytosis

Flavivirus two general types of diseases:

1. **Encephalitis** (SLE, JE, West Nile) 2. **Hemorrhagic** **Fever** (Dengue, Yellow Fever)

SLE incubation period

4-21 Days

SLE is a severe ____ disease that causes \_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_

neuroinvasive encephalitis

SLE (Flavi) virus is produced (in body) in the \_\_\_\_\_\_, and then causes \_\_\_\_\_\_\_

Produced in _site of innoculation_, causes _primary viremia_

SLE is cleared from system by \_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_

reticuloendothelial system

Secondary viremia during SLE leads to \_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_

invasion of CNS

After healing from SLE, __________ occurs

Spongiform changes

SLE CSF examination shows

mononuclear pleocytosis Elevated protein Normal Glucose

SLE lab Dx

_Serum or CSF_ to detect **IgM** and **Antibodies**

Japenese Encephalitis (JE) Stages

1. *Early* - Fever, diarrhea, _rigor_ (and reduced consciousness) 2. *Later* - _Flaccid paralysis_ and _Parkinsonian_ syndrome

Pahtogenesis of JE (5 steps)

1. Mosquito bites 2. Multiplication in RE system 3. Viremia 4. Transport to Brain 5. Proliferation and damage

JE hosts/vectors

Animals can act as hosts/intermediates Humans are DEAD-END hosts

JE Treatment

None

JE vaccine Who is it recommended for?

Purified **_formalin-inactivated_** vaccine (3 doses) NOT RECOMMENDED FOR TRAVELERS

Arbo 1 Flashcards

(60 cards)