Arthropoda

Question 1

true or false
arthropods are the most dominant and specious phylum

Answer 1

true

Question 2

when was a time that the arthropods had vast diversification before going extinct

Answer 2

Cambrian explosion

Question 3

Arthropods = ______ which = _____

Answer 3

segmentation = Hox genes

Question 4

what do ALL Arthropods show

Answer 4

segmentation

Question 5

did the arthropod body plan result from new Hox genes

Answer 5

NO, according to the experiment with the dye, these hox genes were NOT only present in the arthropods but ALSO in the outgroup (Onychophorans)

Question 6

what is the relationship between the Hox genes and complexity

Answer 6

as we increase in complexity and sophistication, there will be an increase in Hox genes

Question 7

3 developmental traits of the Arthropods

Answer 7

1. protostome
2. bilateral symmtery
3. triploblastic (coelomate)

Question 8

what are the traits that allow the Arthropod successfulness

Answer 8

1. hard exoskeleton
2. jointed paired appendages
3. sensory organs
4. body segmentation

Question 9

what are some adaptions to lobster appendages

Answer 9

1. some for swimming
2. some for walking
3. some for feeding
4. some for defence

Question 10

what was a key adaption that led to the successfulness of arthropods

Answer 10

wings and the ability to fly

Question 11

what was the importance of flight

Answer 11

1. evade predators
2. easy to catch prey

Question 12

true or false
for most insects wings are modified legs

Answer 12

FALSE- they are NOT modified legs

Question 13

what is the benefit of segmentation

Answer 13

permits specialization of functions = efficient division of labour among regions

Question 14

what are wings of insects made from

Answer 14

cuticle

Question 15

what is the cuticle

Answer 15

an exoskeleton

Question 16

what is the cuticle made from

Answer 16

layers of protein and chitin

Question 17

what are some examples of well-developed sense organs in arthropods

Answer 17

1. eyes
2. olfactory receptors
3. antennae

Question 18

do arthropods have an open or closed circulatory system

Answer 18

open

Question 19

describe the coelom in arthropods

Answer 19

its a true coelom that is very reduced

Question 20

differentiate between the different gas exchange methods for members living in terrestrial and aquatic habitats

Answer 20

aquatic
1. have gills with feather extensions

terrestrial
1. have INTERNAl surfaces for gas exchange

Question 21

what allowed for the transition of life on land for arthropods

Answer 21

1. combination of gas exchange methods
2. flight

Question 22

describe the historical classification of crustaceans

Answer 22

paraphyletic

Question 23

three lineages of arthropods

Answer 23

1. chelicerates
2. myriapods
3. Pancrustaceans

Question 24

chelicerates include

Answer 24

1. spiders
2. ticks
3. mites
4. scorpions
5. horseshoe crab

Question 25

Myriapods include

Answer 25

1. centipedes 2. millipedes

Question 26

Pancrustaceans include

Answer 26

1. lobsters and other crustaceans 2. insects

Question 27

what are the clade chelicerates named for

Answer 27

their feeding appendages called Chelicerae

Question 28

body segments of chelicerates

Answer 28

1. anterior cephalothorax (fused head and throax) 2. posterior abdomen

Question 29

earliest EXTINCT chelicerates

Answer 29

water scorpions

Question 30

most primitive EXTANT chelicerates

Answer 30

horseshoe crab

Question 31

most modern chelicerates are

Answer 31

arachnids

Question 32

describe the body plan and appendages of Arachnids

Answer 32

1. abdomen 2. cephalothorax 3. six pairs of appendages (most anterior are chelicerae)

Question 33

how do spiders do gas exchange

Answer 33

book lungs

Question 34

least to most inclusive (spiders)

Answer 34

arachnids: chelicerates: Arthropods: Ecdysozoan: Bilateria: Eumetazoa: Metazoa

Question 35

least to most inclusive

Answer 35

Arthropoda: Ecdysozoan: Bilateria: Eumetazoa: Metazoa

Question 36

Millipedes vs Centipedes

Answer 36

Millipedes 1. hervaboirs 2. round in cross-section 3. two pairs of legs per segment Centipedes 1. carnivores 2. flat in cross-section 3. One pair of legs per segment

Question 37

least to most inclusive

Answer 37

millipede: Myriapoda: Arthropoda: Ecdysozoans: Bilateria: Eumetazoa: Metazoa

Question 38

least to most inclusive

Answer 38

centipede: Myriapoda: Arthropoda: Ecdysozoans: Bilateria: Eumetazoa: Metazoa

Question 39

pancrustaceans include

Answer 39

1. insects 2. crustaceans

Question 40

crustaceans in pancrustaceans live in

Answer 40

marine and freshwater

Question 41

what do many crustaceans have

Answer 41

appendages for feeding and locomotion

Question 42

how do small crustaceans exchange gas

Answer 42

through their cuticle

Question 43

how do large crustaceans exchange gas

Answer 43

through their gills

Question 44

what kind of circulatory system do crustaceans have

Answer 44

open

Question 45

describe reproduction in crustaceans

Answer 45

diecious (separate species)

Question 46

least to most inclusive

Answer 46

Pancrustaceans: Arthropoda: Ecdysozoans: Bilateria: Eumetazoa: Metazoa

Question 47

least to most inclusive

Answer 47

crustaceans: pancrustaceans: Arthropoda: Ecdysozoan: Bilateria: Eumetazoa: Metazoa

Question 48

four groups in the crustacean side of pancrustaceans

Answer 48

1. isopods 2. Decapods 3. Copepods 4. Maxillopods

Question 49

Maxillopods

Answer 49

barnacles (mostly sessile crustaceans)

Question 50

least to most inclusive

Answer 50

Barnacles: Maxillopods: Crustaceans: pancrustaceans: Arthropods: Ecydsozoan: Eumetazoan: Metazoan

Question 51

least to most inclusive

Answer 51

Barnacles: Maxillopods: Crustaceans: pancrustaceans: Arthropods: Ecydsozoan: Eumetazoan: Metazoan

Question 52

describe the cuticle of Maxillopods

Answer 52

hardened into a shell of calcium carbonate

Question 53

copepods are _____ crustaceans

Answer 53

planktonic

Question 54

least to most inclusive

Answer 54

Copepods: Crustaceans: pancrustaceans: Arthropods: Ecdysozoan: Eumetazoa: Metazoa

Question 55

least to most inclusive

Answer 55

pill bugs: Isopods: Crustaceans: pancrustaceans: Arthropods: Ecdysozoan: Bilateria: Eumetazoa: Metazoa

Question 56

least to most inclusive

Answer 56

decapods: Crustaceans: Pancrustaceans: Arthropods: Ecdysozoan: Bilateria: Eumetazoa: metazoa

Question 57

decapods include

Answer 57

1. crab 2. lobsters 3. crayfish 4. shrimp

Question 58

true or false insects have some complex organ systems

Answer 58

TRUE

Question 59

hexapods

Answer 59

insects

Question 60

least to most inclusive

Answer 60

Hexapoda: Pancrustaceans: Arthropoda: Ecdysozoans: Bilateria: Eumetazoa: Metazoa

Question 61

is a hemocoel the same as a pseudocoelom

Answer 61

NO

Question 62

respiration in grasshoppers

Answer 62

tracheal tubes (external holes in the abdomen)

Question 63

the excretory organ in grasshoppers

Answer 63

Malpigihan tubules

Question 64

insects co-evolved with _____

Answer 64

plants

Question 65

typical reproduction in Hexapoda

Answer 65

sexual with separate males and females

Question 66

what is the basal lineage in Hexapoda

Answer 66

wingless insects

Question 67

what is the appearance of wings in Hexapoda

Answer 67

a apomorphy for the groups (derived)

Question 68

three patterns of postembryonic development in insects

Answer 68

1. no metamorphosis 2. metamorphosis without a pupa 3. metamorphosis with a pupa

Question 69

what insect development is this insects undergo TOTAL reorganization of internal and external anatomy through their life cycle

Answer 69

metamorphosis with a pupa

Question 70

what insect development is this insects develop from nymphs that are NOT exact look-alikes of the parents

Answer 70

metamorphosis without a pupa

Question 71

what insect development is this no dramatic change occurs in the insect body as it grows (young looks like the adults)

Answer 71

NO metamorphosis