Nonvascular plants

Question 1

mosses and other nonvascular plants have a life cycle dominated by

Answer 1

gametophytes

Question 2

three phyla of small herbaceous plants that represent bryophytes

Answer 2

liverworts
mosses
hornworts

Question 3

herbaceous

Answer 3

nonwoody

Question 4

liverworts =

Answer 4

phylum hepatophyta

Question 5

mosses =

Answer 5

phylum Bryophyta

Question 6

hornworts =

Answer 6

phylum anthocerophyta

Question 7

does Byrophyta mean the same thing as bryophyte

Answer 7

NO
(Byrophyta = phylum including mosses) (bryophyte = grade that includes all nonvascular plants)

Question 8

true or false
in all bryophyte phyla, the sporophyte is larger than the gametophytete

Answer 8

FALSE - the gametophyte is dominant

Question 9

true or false
the sporophyte is typically present only part of the time

Answer 9

TRUE

Question 10

the moss sporophyte is ______ on gametophyte

Answer 10

dependant

Question 11

key terms for the moss life cycle

Answer 11

1. capsule
2. operculum
3. calyptra
4. peristome
5. protonemata

Question 12

protonemata

Answer 12

the first stage after spores have started mitosis

Question 13

a phore in moss is also known as

Answer 13

the stalk

Question 14

where is the sporangium located

Answer 14

at the tip of the stalk/seta

Question 15

operculum

Answer 15

a lid like structure on the capsule

Question 16

the operculum is (diploid or haploid)

Answer 16

diploid (part of sporangium)

Question 17

calyptra is (diploid or haploid)

Answer 17

haploid (part of the gametophyte tissue)

Question 18

peristome

Answer 18

helps in spore dispersal

Question 19

the moss zygote is surrounded by

Answer 19

maternal tissue

Question 20

the antheridia produces _____ (lots of little) of ______ (sperm or egg)

Answer 20

lots and sperm

Question 21

the archegonia produces _____ (lots of little) of ______ (sperm or egg)

Answer 21

ONE and egg

Question 22

gametophyte makes _____ in the _____

Answer 22

gametes in gametangia

Question 23

where did the gametangia go in moss

Answer 23

this doesn’t apply to moss because the gametophyte is the dominant stage

Question 24

male gametophyte

Answer 24

antheridia

Question 25

female gametophyte

Answer 25

archegonia

Question 26

true or false in moss the sporangium can also be called the capsule

Answer 26

TRUE- but ONLY in moss

Question 27

_____ has cells that undergo meiosis

Answer 27

capsule

Question 28

how do sperm reach the egg in moss

Answer 28

by swimming through a film of water

Question 29

a sporangium is always going to grow from a _____ gametophyte

Answer 29

female

Question 30

what stages of the moss life cycle are haploid

Answer 30

1. antheridia 2. archedonia 3. protonemata

Question 31

when a bryophyte spore germinates into a gametophyte it is composed of

Answer 31

portonema and gamete-prpoducing gametophore

Question 32

what constrains the gametophyte height in bryophytes

Answer 32

the lack of vascular tissue

Question 33

bryophyte sporophytes grow out of

Answer 33

archegonia

Question 34

true or false the bryophyte sporophytes are the smallest and simplest sporophytes of all extant plant groups

Answer 34

true

Question 35

what does a bryophyte sporophyte consist of

Answer 35

1. a foot 2. a seta (stalk) 3. sporangium called capsule

Question 36

what part of the bryophyte sporophyte discharges spores

Answer 36

sporangium/capsule

Question 37

how does the sporangium/capsule discharge spores

Answer 37

through the peristomes

Question 38

_____ and ______ sporophytes have stomata

Answer 38

hornwort and moss

Question 39

what bryophyte does NOT have stomata

Answer 39

liverworts

Question 40

liverworts AKA

Answer 40

phylum hepatophyta

Question 41

phylum _____ and _____ gametophytes

Answer 41

hepatophyta and female gametophytes

Question 42

1. gametangia? 2. ploidy? 3. role in the life cycle?

Answer 42

1. archegonia 2. haploid 3. make eggs

Question 43

hornworts AKA

Answer 43

phylum anthocerophyta

Question 44

true or false mosses can inhabit diverse and extreme environments

Answer 44

true

Question 45

were are mosses most common

Answer 45

in moist forests and wetlands

Question 46

mosses might help retain ___ in the soil

Answer 46

nitrogen

Question 47

what does peat moss form

Answer 47

deposits of partially decayed organic material (peat)

Question 48

what is the importance of peat

Answer 48

it can be used for a fuel source

Question 49

peat moss (sphagnum) is a global _____ of ______

Answer 49

reservoir of organic carbon = can release it into the atmosphere (increases GHG)