Assessment of Elderly

Question 1

A man’s life is normally divided into five main stages namely

Answer 1

• infancy,
• childhood,
• adolescence,
• adulthood and
• old age.

Question 2

Elderly is an individual over ??? years old with a ???

Answer 2

65;
functional impairments

Question 3

is the fulfillment of the special needs and requirements that are unique to senior citizens

Answer 3

Elderly care, or simply eldercare

Question 4

This broad term encompasses such services as assisted living, adult daycare, long term care, nursing homes (often referred to as ???), hospice care and home care

Answer 4

eldercare;
residential care

Question 5

is not merely the passage of time but also manifestation of
biological events that occur over a span of time

Answer 5

Aging

Question 6

The aging body does change, some systems slow down, while others lose their “???.”

Answer 6

fine tuning

Question 7

As a general rule,

??? changes are common, and most of these are not problems to the person who experiences them. ???changes might indicate serious health problems.

Answer 7

slight, gradual;
Sudden and dramatic

Question 8

Normal aging has four aspects

Answer 8

biological
psychological
sociocultural
sexual

Question 9

biological aspect: As the individual ages, there is a quantitative loss of ??? and changes in many of ??? within cells.

Answer 9

cells;
enzymatic activities

Question 10

Gradual loss in the number of neurons with age and no change in the ??? level

Answer 10

neurotransmitter

Question 11

Decreased number of brain cells

Answer 11

Brain tissue atrophy

Question 12

NERVOUS SYSTEM
Assessment Findings
* Decreased ??? and ??? sense
* Diminished ???, possible absent ???
* Complaints of ??? and ???.
* Wide based ??? with decreased ???.
* Decreased ??? sleep
* Decrease in gait ???, decreased ??? length, ??? length, and ???

Answer 12

position and vibration;
reflexes, ankle Jerks;
fall and impaired balance;
gait, arm swing;
rapid eye movement;
speed, step, stride, arm swing

Question 13

The cornea flattens which reduces the ???

Answer 13

refractory power

Question 14

Loss of ??? fat, loss of ??? tissue and decreased muscle ???.

Answer 14

orbital;
elastic;
tone

Question 15

The ??? of older individual becomes thinner because of ??? and receives only ??? of the amount of light that of a younger person

Answer 15

retina;
fewer neural cells;
1/3rd

Question 16

problem in reading, not able to see in ??? light and also have difficulty in ???

Answer 16

dim;
colour perception

Question 17

The lens of the eye loses its elasticity and ??? in density

Answer 17

increases

Question 18

loss of ability to focus on near objects, experiences double vision

Answer 18

presbyopia

Question 19

farmers usually get cataracts since they are

Answer 19

exposed to sunlight

Question 20

is the term used to describe hearing loss associated with normal aging

Answer 20

Presbycusis

Question 21

Drier skin because of decreased number of ???

Answer 21

sebaceous glands

Question 22

Valves of heart become thick and rigid as a result of ??? and ???

Answer 22

sclerosis and fibrosis

Question 23

Blood vessels become thick and rigid, resulting in ???

Answer 23

elevated blood pressure.

Question 24

In aging, the increased parathyroid hormone, decreased vitamin D and calcitonin also play role in ??? in older people.

Answer 24

calcium loss

Question 25

In women, estrogen deficiency, calcium malabsorption, lifestyle factors (calcium intake and exercise) can result in ???

Answer 25

bone loss

Question 26

more or less? ??? blood can be filtered by the kidney

Answer 26

Less

Question 27

The term ??? describes the vulnerability of the “old-old” (generally mid-80s, 90s, and centenarians) to be in poorer health because they tend to have multisystem chronic disabilities that interfere with their ability to fully function independently

Answer 27

frail elderly

Question 28

Screening of older adults focuses on ???

Answer 28

functional status

Question 29

Frailty involves ???

Answer 29

multisystem dysfunction

Question 30

??? (skeletal muscle mass decrease) and ??? (muscle mass decrease with excessive body fat), common in aging, are related to functional impairments in older adults

Answer 30

Sarcopenia; sarcopenic obesity

Question 31

??? and ??? are often signs of infection in the frail older adult

Answer 31

incontinence and confusion

Question 32

??? is an evaluation of the person’s ability to carry out the basic self-care activities of daily living (ADLs), such as bathing, eating, grooming, and toileting.

Answer 32

Functional assessment

Question 33

If the older adult is too lethargic, agitated, or medically unstable to respond, appears excessively distracted, offers inconsistencies, or cannot answer specific questions or describe daily activities, then ???

Answer 33

family or professional caregivers should be queried

Question 34

When an older adult complains of weakness and fatigue, ??? must always be ruled out.

Answer 34

anemia

Question 35

drugs that increase the risk of GI bleeding

Answer 35

Anticoagulants and nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory

Question 36

Suspect ??? in clients taking medications such as digoxin, theophylline, quinidine, or antibiotics if client reports nausea or diarrhea

Answer 36

drug toxicity

Question 37

Older adult clients with nasogastric feeding tubes are at increased risk for ??? related to the obstruction

Answer 37

sinusitis

Question 38

Older adult clients may self-treat sinus pain and/or nasal congestion with decongestants and antihistamines, which may ??? and ???

Answer 38

further dry the nasal passages and prevent normal sinus drainage

Question 39

To detect glaucoma, tonometry should be performed every ??? years on everyone older than 35 years of age.

Answer 39

1–2 years

Question 40

Assess ??? before as well as after the otoscopic examination if cerumen is removed during the examination.

Answer 40

hearing acuity

Question 41

If dizziness occurs, instruct client to ???

Answer 41

sit a few minutes before attempting to stand up from a supine or reclining position

Question 42

Falls, dyspnea, fatigue, and palpitations are common symptoms of ??? in older adults

Answer 42

dysrhythmias

Question 43

Arthritis may make the ??? position particularly uncomfortable for the older woman

Answer 43

lithotomy

Question 44

Incontinence is not a normal part of ???.

Answer 44

aging

Question 45

In noncommunicative clients, an excoriated perineum may be the result of ???, which warrants further investigation.

Answer 45

incontinence

Question 46

The disorder is caused by increased pressure that can destroy the optic nerve and cause blindness if not treated properly.

Answer 46

glaucoma

Question 47

a gradual loss of central vision, is caused by aging and thinning of the micro-thin membrane in the center of the retina called the macula.

Answer 47

Macular degeneration

Question 48

occurs at a greater frequency with aging as the vitreous pulls away from its attachment to the retina at the back of the eye, causing the retina to tear in one or more places.

Answer 48

Retinal detachment