RLE: Thorax & Lungs

Question 1

FOUR FUNCTIONS OF RESPIRATORY SYSTEM

Answer 1

Changing chest size during respiration
Inspiration
Expiration
Control of respiration

Question 2

muscle that elevates sternum

Answer 2

sternomastoid

Question 3

muscles that elevate upper ribs

Answer 3

scalenus muscles

Question 4

muscles that elevate & depress ribs

Answer 4

external intercostals

Question 5

diaphragm ??? as it contracts

Answer 5

descends

Question 6

muscle that depress lower ribs and compress viscera

Answer 6

external oblique and abdominal rectus

Question 7

ANTERIOR THORACIC LANDMARKS

Answer 7

• Suprasternal notch
  
  • Sternum
  • Manubriosternal angle
  • Costal angle

Question 8

POSTERIOR THORACIC LANDMARKS

Answer 8

• Vertebra prominens
  
  • Spinous processes
  • Inferior border of scapula
  • Twelfth rib

Question 9

angle of Louis

Answer 9

Manubriosternal angle

Question 10

bone process at the bottom of sternum

Answer 10

xiphoid process

Question 11

scapula deformities

Answer 11

winged scapula

Question 12

chest deformities

Answer 12

pigeon chest
funnel chest
barrel chest
kyphosis
scoliosis

Question 13

pectus carinatum

Answer 13

pigeon chest

Question 14

pectus excavatum

Answer 14

funnel chest

Question 15

Bronchial Breath Sounds Conditions

Answer 15

pneumonia, asthma, acute bronchitis

Question 16

Crackles Conditions

Answer 16

pneumonia, heart disease, CF, bronchitis

Question 17

Diminished Breath Sounds Conditions

Answer 17

bronchoconstriction, asthma

Question 18

Wheezing Conditions

Answer 18

allergies (e.g. asthma)

Question 19

Pleural Friction Rub means

Answer 19

pleural inflammation

Question 20

Ronchi condition

Answer 20

COPD

Question 21

Stridor means

Answer 21

upper airway obstruction

Question 22

normal, soft with a low pitch breath sound

Answer 22

Vesicular Breath Sounds

Question 23

primary muscle involved in breathing

Answer 23

diaphragm

Question 24

classic sign of COPD, alveoli are popping at air intake (air is trapped)

Answer 24

barrel chest

Question 25

adventitious lung sounds: (5)

Answer 25

stridor Crackles (rales) wheeze rhonchi pleural friction rub

Question 26

adventitious lung sounds: danger, occurs due to narrowing of larynx & trachea

Answer 26

stridor

Question 27

adventitious lung sounds: crackles

Answer 27

rales

Question 28

adventitious lung sounds: narrowing airways (not from throat area)

Answer 28

wheezing

Question 29

adventitious lung sounds: air leaving trachea & bronchi hits secretions (mucus/fluid)

Answer 29

rhonchi

Question 30

adventitious lung sounds: visceral and parietal pleura should be separated by pleural space, if not, this occurs

Answer 30

pleural friction rub

Question 31

2 types of crackles

Answer 31

fine and coarse

Question 32

crackles: occur as deflated alveoli begun to pop open (fluid)

Answer 32

fine

Question 33

crackles: occur when patient breathes through thick mucus/fluid in larger airways

Answer 33

coarse