RLE: Abdomen

Question 1

(order)

assessing the abdomen

Answer 1

inspection
auscultation
percussion
palpation

Question 2

observing the abdomen for any abnormalities in contour, symmetry, skin color, scars, masses, or visible pulsation

Answer 2

inspection

Question 3

listening for bowel sounds using a stethoscope to assess the frequency, intensity, and quality of sounds in all quadrants

Answer 3

auscultation

Question 4

tapping on the abdomen to assess the density of underlying organs and detect areas of fluid or air accumulation

Answer 4

percussion

Question 5

gently pressing on the abdomen to feel for tenderness, masses, organ enlargement, and abnormal pulsation

Answer 5

palpation

Question 6

common abdominal conditions and diseases include ???

Answer 6

appendicitis
gastritis
gallstones
inflammatory bowel disease
cancer

Question 7

symptoms of abdominal issues can range from ???

Answer 7

mild discomfort to severe pain

NVD

changes in bowel habits

Question 8

organs in abdomen are responsible for

Answer 8

digestion
excretion
reproduction

Question 9

responsible for breaking down food and releasing it to the small intestine

Answer 9

stomach

Question 10

performs various functions, including detoxification, metabolism of nutrients, production of bile

Answer 10

liver

Question 11

stores and concentrates bile produced by liver, releasing it to the s. intestine to aid in digestion

Answer 11

gallbladder

Question 12

produces digestive enzymes and hormones (insulin, glucagon - regulates blood sugar)

Answer 12

pancreas

Question 13

part of the immune system, involved in filtering blood and fighting infections

Answer 13

spleen

Question 14

filter blood to remove waste products and excess fluids, producing urine

Answer 14

kidneys

Question 15

organs in RUQ

Answer 15

liver (majority)
right kidney
gallbladder
pancreas (small portion)

colon & s. intestines

Question 16

organs in LUQ

Answer 16

liver (small portion)
spleen
left kidney
stomach
pancreas (majority)

colon & s. intestines

Question 17

organs in RLQ

Answer 17

right ureter
appendix
right ovary & fallopian tube

colon & s. intestines

Question 18

organ in LLQ

Answer 18

left ureter
left ovary & fallopian tube

colon & s. intestines

Question 19

functions of abdomen (6)

Answer 19

digestion
storage
protection
circulation
hormone regulation
immune function

Question 20

umbilicus should be?

Answer 20

midline

Question 21

normal contour of abdomen

Answer 21

flat or rounded

Question 22

a concave contour of abdomen is concerning why?

Answer 22

can be associated with dehydration and malnutrition, sometimes with anorexia nervosa and cancer

Question 23

enhanced outward contour

Answer 23

a distended abdomen

Question 24

abdominal respiratory movement may be seen, especially in ?

Answer 24

male clients

Question 25

diminished abdominal respiration or change to thoracic breathin in male clients may reflect what

Answer 25

peritoneal irritation

Question 26

slight pulsation of the abdominal aorta (epigastrum) extends full length in ?

Answer 26

thin people

Question 27

exaggerated pulsation may be seen with ?

Answer 27

abdominal aneurysm

Question 28

normally not seen although they may be visible in very thin people as slight ripples on the abdominal wall

Answer 28

peristaltic waves

Question 29

Peristaltic waves are increased and progress in ripple like fashion from the LUQ to the RLQ w/ ???. In addition abdominal distention typically is present w/ ???

Answer 29

intestinal obstruction; intestinal wall obstruction.

Question 30

are not normally heard over abdominal aorta or renal, iliac or femoral arteries.

Answer 30

Bruits

Question 31

Venous hum is not normally heard over the ??? and ??? areas

Answer 31

epigastric and umbilical areas

Question 32

A bruit w/ both systolic and diastolic components occurs when blood flow in an artery is ???

Answer 32

turbulent or obstructed

Question 33

Generalized ??? predominates over the abdomen because of air in the stomach and intestines.

Answer 33

tympany

Question 34

Normal ??? is heard over the liver and spleen, may also be elicited over a non-evacuated descending colon

Answer 34

dullness

Question 35

Accentuated ??? or ??? is heard over a gaseous distended abdomen.

Answer 35

tympany or hyper-resonance

Question 36

??? is heard over a distended bladder, large masses, or ascites.

Answer 36

Abnormal dullness

Question 37

The normal liver span at the ??? is ??? cm.

Answer 37

MSL 4 to 8 cm

Question 38

Findings: Involuntary reflex guarding is serious and reflects ???

Answer 38

peritoneal irritation

Question 39

Right-sided guarding may be due to ???

Answer 39

cholecystitis

Question 40

is possible over the xiphoid, aorta, cecum, colon, and ovaries with deep palpation.

Answer 40

Normal (mild) tenderness

Question 41

deep palpation: may be related to trauma, peritonitis, infection, tumors, or enlarged or diseased organs.

Answer 41

Severe tenderness or pain

Question 42

A hard, firm liver may indicate ???

Answer 42

cancer

Question 43

liver palpation: ??? may occur with tumors, metastatic cancer, late cirrhosis, or syphilis.

Answer 43

Nodularity

Question 44

liver palpation: Tenderness may be from ??? (e.g., congestive heart failure), ???, or ???.

Answer 44

vascular engorgement; acute hepatitis; abscess

Question 45

normally the bladder is not palpable. A ??? bladder is palpated as a smooth, round, and somewhat firm mass extending as far as the umbilicus. It may be further validated by dull percussion tones.

Answer 45

distended

Question 46

The abdomen houses many organs involved in ???, including the stomach, liver, gallbladder, pancreas, and intestines. These organs work together to break down food and absorb nutrients.

Answer 46

digestion

Question 47

The abdomen provides space for the ??? of essential organs such as the liver, which stores glycogen, vitamins, and minerals, and the intestines, which store waste until it can be eliminated.

Answer 47

storage

Question 48

The abdomen ??? vital organs such as the liver, kidneys, and intestines from injury and trauma. The abdominal muscles also provide support and stability to the spine and pelvis.

Answer 48

protects

Question 49

Blood vessels in the abdomen supply oxygen-rich blood to the organs and tissues, while veins carry oxygen-depleted blood back to the heart and lungs for oxygenation.

Answer 49

circulation

Question 50

Organs in the abdomen, such as the pancreas, produce ??? that regulate blood sugar levels, metabolism, and other important bodily functions.

Answer 50

hormones

Question 51

immune function: The abdomen contains ??? and ??? that help to defend the body against infection and disease ..

Answer 51

lymph nodes and tissues

Question 52

increased pain upon release of pressure

Answer 52

rebound tenderness

Question 53

use the same measuring tape in measuring this for accuracy usually measured daily cases of ascites, liver cirrhosis

Answer 53

abdominal girth

Question 54

peristalsis is louder after ?

Answer 54

eating