RLE: Peripheral Vascular System Flashcards
(43 cards)
augments inspection findings, particularly in darker pigmented people in whom redness may not be visible
Palpation
Infants: Screen for ??? of the aorta by palpating the peripheral pulses and comparing the strength of the femoral pulses with the radial pulses and apical pulse.
coarctation
If coarctation is present in infants, ??? pulses will be diminished and ??? pulses will be stronger.
femoral;
radial
In children, changes in the ???, such as bruising, petechiae, and purpura, can indicate serious systemic diseases in children
peripheral vasculature
Older Adults:
??? become thinner and dilate.
??? become thicker and dilate less effectively because of arteriosclerotic changes in the vessel walls
Proximal arteries;
Peripheral arteries
In older adults, Blood vessels lengthen and become more tortuous and prominent. ??? occur more frequently
Varicosities
In older adults:
In some instances, arteries may be palpated more easily because of ???. Often, however, the most distal pulses of the lower extremities are more difficult to palpate because of ???
the loss of supportive surrounding tissues;
decreased arterial perfusion
Older adults:
Systolic and diastolic blood pressures increase, but the
increase in the ??? pressure is greater. As a result, the ??? widens. Any client with a blood pressure reading above ??? mmHg should be referred for follow-up
assessments.
systolic;
pulse pressure;
140/90
Older adults:
??? is frequently observed and is most commonly the result of chronic venous insufficiency or low protein levels in the blood (hypoproteinemia).
Peripheral edema
The arterial network is a high-pressure system. Blood is propelled under pressure from the ??? ventricle of the heart.
left
Each heartbeat forces blood through the arterial vessels under high pressure, creating a surge. This surge of blood is the
arterial pulse
is the major artery that supplies the arm
brachial artery
The brachial pulse can be palpated medial to the ??? in and above the bend of the ???
biceps tendon
elbow
The brachial artery divides near the elbow to become:
the ??? artery (extending down
the thumb side of the arm) and
the ??? artery (extending down the little finger side of the arm).
radial;
ulnar
is the major supplier of blood to the legs
femoral artery
femoral artery travels down the front of the thigh then crosses to the back of the thigh, where it is termed the ???
popliteal artery
The popliteal artery divides
below the knee into anterior and posterior branches.
The anterior branch descends down the top of the foot, where it becomes the ???
The posterior branch is called the ???
dorsalis pedis artery;
posterior tibial artery
The dorsalis pedis artery and posterior tibial artery form the ???, which, like the superficial and deep palmar arches of the hands, provides the feet and toes with extra protection from arterial occlusion
dorsal arch
There are three types of veins:
deep veins, superficial veins, and perforator (or communicator) veins.
veins that account for about 90% of venous return from the lower extremities.
femoral vein in the upper thigh and the popliteal vein located behind the knee
is the longest of all veins and extends from the medial dorsal aspect of the foot, crosses over the medial malleolus, and continues across the thigh to the medial aspect of the groin, where it joins the femoral vein.
The great saphenous vein
begins at the lateral dorsal aspect of the foot, travels up behind the lateral malleolus on the back of the leg, and joins the popliteal vein.
The small saphenous vein
connect the superficial veins with the deep veins
The perforator veins
decreases intrathoracic pressure while increasing abdominal pressure, thus producing a pressure gradient.
Inspiration
