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Health Assessment > RLE: Eyes, Ears > Flashcards

RLE: Eyes, Ears Flashcards

(109 cards)

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1
Q

eyes diameter

A

1 in

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2
Q

what is on the anterior of the orbit

A

the eye

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3
Q

external layers of the eyes:

the white one?
the clear one?

A

sclera

cornea

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4
Q

brown, the nutrient supply of the eyes

A

choroid

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5
Q

connect choroids with iris, secretes aqueous humor;

A

Cilary Body

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6
Q

middle layer of the eye:

colored portion, opening [???] in the middle

A

Iris;

pupil

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7
Q

internal part of eyes:

distributed blood vessels and nerves, bordered internally by vitreous

A

Retina

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8
Q

gel-like, maintains shape of eye

A

Vitreous

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9
Q

peripheral vision, dim light

A

rods

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10
Q

color, bright light, central vision

A

Cones

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11
Q

depressed portion of retina where optic nerves exit

A

Optic Disk

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12
Q

optic disk is also called

A

“Blind Spot”

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13
Q

beside optic disc, contains Fovea Centralis where most acute vision occur

A

Macula Lutea

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14
Q

clear fluid produced by the Cilary Process draining out of the Canal of Schlemm to the Anterior Chamber (between cornea and iris) and Posterior Chamber (between iris and lens)

A

Aqueous Humor

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15
Q

extends around the eye to maintain IOP through drainage to systemic circulation

A

Canal of Schlemm

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16
Q

IOP means

A

intraocular pressure

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17
Q

bends ray of light to fall on the retina

A

Lens

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18
Q

controls amount of light that enters the eye

A

Pupils

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19
Q

clear mucous membrane covering posterior of eyelid and sclera

A

Conjunctivae

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20
Q

produces tears, drains out through punctum to lacrimal duct and sac

A

Lacrimal Gland

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21
Q

Eye Muscles:

???: turn temporally;
???: turn nasally

A

Rectus;
Oblique

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22
Q

cranial nerves on the eyes

A

CN II, III, IV, VI

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23
Q

blood supply in eyes (2)

A

Ophthalmic Artery, Ophthalmic Vein

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24
Q

??? Ear: embedded on the temporal bone, eye level

From Auricle, through Ear Canal, to the Tympanic Membrane (“Ear Drum”)

Includes Mastoid Process (bony ridge over temporal bone)

A

External

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25
“Ear Drum”
Tympanic Membrane
26
bony ridge over temporal bone
Mastoid Process
27
??? Ear: tympanic membrane and ossicles (Malleus, Incus, Stapes) Protected from the inner ear by oval and round window membrane Eustachian canal to equalize ear pressure
Middle
28
??? canal to equalize ear pressure
Eustachian
29
??? Ear: Semicircular canals, cochlea, end of CN 8, maintains balance
Inner
30
drooping eyelid
Ptosis
31
oscillating movement of eyeball
Nystagmus
32
Visual Acuity: N: ???
20/20
33
Legal Blindness:
20/200
34
SNELLEN If denominator>numerator?
Near Sighted (Myopia)
35
SNELLEN If numerator>denominator
Far Sighted (Hyperopia)
36
Color Blindness
Ishihara Plates
37
measures IOP
Tonometry
38
IOP Normal
N: 10-21mmHg
39
visualizes anterior chamber angle; diagnoses congenital and 2O glaucoma
Gonioscopy
40
Otoscopic Examination
hearing assessment
41
single most impt test to detect hearing loss
Audiometry
42
2 audiometry
pure-tone speech
43
audiometry: discrimination of sounds
Speech Audiometry
44
compares air conduction vs. bone conduction; conductive vs. sensorineural loss
Rinne test
45
Test: for unilateral hearing loss
Weber
46
WEBER tone heard on poorer ear
Conductive Hearing Loss
47
WEBER tone heard on better ear
Sensorineural Hearing Loss
48
Px repeats whispered words of examiner who 1 -2 ft and out of sight of him
Whispered Voice Test
49
(Caloric Ice Water Test): irrigate ear with cold water
Oculovestibular Test
50
Inflammation of eyelid margins
Blepharitis
51
Internal Sty, inflammation of the meibonian gland
Chalazion
52
External Sty, inflammation of eyelash follicle or sebaceous gland in the eyelid
Hordeolum
53
"crossed eyes" or "squint," is a condition where the eyes do not align properly when looking at an object.
strabismus
54
STRABISMUS inward/convergent deviation
Esotropia
55
STRABISMUS outward / divergent deviation
Exotropia
56
STRABISMUS upward deviation
Hypertropia
57
STRABISMUS downward deviation
Hypotropia
58
chronic infection of conjuctiva and cornea caused by Chlamydia Very contagious and may cause blindness
Trachoma
59
very red eye and painful to move
Scleritis and Iritis
60
S/Sx: Pain, Photophobia, blepharospasms, lacrfimation C. Ulceration: emergency: may cause perforation, infection
Corneal Ulceration, Keratitis (Inflamed Cornea)
61
Inflammation of Iris
Iritis
62
Inflammation of Iris and Cilary Body
Iridocyclitis
63
Inflammation of the Choroid
Choroiditis
64
Inflammation of the Choroid and Retina Causes: Trauma, Local and Systemic Disease
Choroidretinitis
65
rare, severe, bilateral, granulomatous Occurs after penetrating injury near the cilary body
Sympathetic Opthalmis (Uveitis)
66
Separation of 2 retinal primitive layer (outer pigment epithelium, inner rods and cones) or Elevation from the choroid of both retinal layers due to a tumor
Retinal Detachment
67
Increased Intraocular Pressure Permanent Vision Loss due to compression of retina and optic nerve
Glaucoma
68
Clouding or opacity of the lens due to changes in its CHON’s
cataracts
69
Refraction Errors
AMMETROPIA
70
Normal refractive state
Emmetropia
71
“Farsighted”, Light focuses behind retina,
Hyperopia
72
Hyperopia lens
Use Convex lens
73
"Nearsighted”, Light focuses before retina,
Myopia
74
Myopia lens
Use Concave lens, radial keratotomy
75
“Old sight”, hardening of lens causing ⬇️ accommodating powers of the lens
Presbyopia
76
“Distorted vision” due to irregular colrneal curvature
Astigmatism
77
removal of the eyeball
Enucleation
78
removal of eyeball contents, leaving sclera intact
Evisceration
79
Enucleation with blepharectomy
Exenteration
80
CARE FOR PATIENTS UNDERGOING EYE SURGERY Avoid activities that may ???: e.g. coughing, bending, carrying heavy objects, straining, sneezing, vomiting (open eyes!!!)
⬆️ IOP
81
hearing loss disease or trauma to inner ear or acoustic nerve
Sensorineural
82
hearing loss impedes impulses to external auditory canal, tympanic membrane, and middle ear
Conductive
83
Stapes can no longer vibrate due to over growth of bones at oval window Leads to conductive hearing loss
otosclerosis
84
Chronic accumulation of endolymph in the inner ear With remission and exacerbation triggered by viruses or emotional stress
MENIER’S DISEASE (Endolymphic Hydrops)
85
simple incision of tympanic membrane
Myringotomy
86
closure of perforated tympanic membrane
Myringoplasty
87
inadequate blood, insufficient blood flow, low hemoglobin levels a finding seen in conjunctiva
pallor
88
fluid retention
edema
89
PERRLA
pupils are equal, round, reactive to light and accommodation
90
conducted if patient is legally blind
functional tests
91
unequal size of pupils
anisocoria
92
dilation of pupil
midriasys
93
constriction of pupil
miosis
94
tympanic membrane cone of light
left= 7:00 right= 5:00
95
patient complaint: blurry vision & halos around rights Most likely condition
Glaucoma
95
ptosis in a patient indicates
drooping of the eyelid
96
patient presents with redness, itching, watery discharge from both eyes
conjunctivitis
97
hearing loss, tinnitus, vertigo suspected condition
Meniere's Disease
98
observed retracted tympanic membrane during otoscopic examination suggests ?
otitis media w/ effusion
99
complain: ear pain, itching, drainage likely diagnosis
otitis externa
100
patient report: seeing floaters & flashes of light serious possibility
retinal tear/detachment
101
patient has difficulty focusing on near objects (presbyopia) typical cause
age-related change in lens
102
complaint: hearing loss in noisy environment suggest
sensorineural hearing loss
103
Rinne test: patient hears sound better in bone conduction than air conduction
indicates conductive hearing loss
104
excessive earwax (cerumen) buildup most appropriate initial management
cerumenolystic agents
105
sudden, painless loss of vision in one eye most likely cause
retinal detachment
106
test that compares air conduction to bone conduction
Rinne Test
107
test that assesses lateralization of sound. vibrating fork is placed on the midline of forehead or top of the head
Weber test
108
red, swelling, tenderness of the hair follicle & glands that empty at the edge of the eyelids
Sty

Health Assessment (24 decks)

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