Bacterial Vaginosis Flashcards
(10 cards)
What causes bacterial vaginosis (BV)?
Overgrowth of mostly anaerobic bacteria and loss of protective lactobacilli, causing vaginal pH to rise above 4.5.
What vaginal pH is typically seen in BV?
Greater than 4.5.
How is BV diagnosed?
By vaginal pH measurement and microscopy (Gram stain) of vaginal discharge.
What are some complications of BV?
Increased risk of STIs (including HIV), obstetric complications (miscarriage, pre-term labor/birth, premature rupture of membranes, low birth weight, postpartum endometritis), and infection risk after gynecological procedures.
What are typical symptoms when BV is present?
Fishy-smelling, thin, white, homogeneous vaginal discharge; usually no itching, soreness, or irritation.
Should asymptomatic non-pregnant women with BV usually be treated?
No, treatment is usually not required unless related to gynecological procedures.
What is the first-line treatment for symptomatic BV in non-pregnant women?
Oral metronidazole 400 mg twice daily for 5 to 7 days.
What alternative treatments exist for non-pregnant women with BV?
Intravaginal metronidazole gel 0.75% once daily for 5 days or intravaginal clindamycin cream 2% once daily for 7 days.
Is high-dose single oral dose metronidazole recommended during pregnancy?
No, it is not recommended.
How is symptomatic BV treated in pregnant women?
Oral metronidazole 400 mg twice daily for 5 to 7 days; alternatives include intravaginal metronidazole gel or intravaginal clindamycin cream (avoid clindamycin in first trimester).
