Helminth infections - Parasitic worm Flashcards
(10 cards)
What are threadworms, and how are they transmitted?
Threadworms (pinworms, Enterobius vermicularis) are parasitic worms transmitted via contaminated hands after scratching the perianal area, leading to auto-infection. Eggs are laid on the perianal skin and can be spread through unwashed hands.
What is the first-line treatment for threadworm infections in adults and children over 6 months?
The first-line treatment is Mebendazole, 100 mg as a single dose, with a second dose after 2 weeks if reinfection occurs.
How can threadworm infections be prevented?
Preventive hygiene measures include thorough hand washing, cutting fingernails, showering in the morning, and changing bed linens regularly.
What is the most common cause of roundworm infections, and how are they transmitted?
The roundworm Ascaris lumbricoides is transmitted through ingestion of eggs from contaminated food or water, typically from human feces.
What is the treatment for roundworm infections - dose and duration?
Mebendazole is the drug of choice, with dosages of 100 mg twice daily for 3 days for both children and adults.
What is the difference between roundworm and ringworm?
Roundworm is a parasitic worm, while ringworm is a fungal infection. Roundworms infect the intestines, while ringworm causes a characteristic ring-shaped rash.
How is tapeworm infection acquired, and what are the main species involved?
Tapeworm infections are acquired by ingesting poorly cooked meat containing tapeworm larvae.
What is the treatment for tapeworm infections?
Niclosamide and Praziquantel are used to treat tapeworm infections.
What is hydatid disease, and how is it treated?
Hydatid disease is caused by the tapeworm Echinococcus granulosus, leading to cysts in organs. Treatment often involves surgery, and Albendazole is used to reduce recurrence, particularly when surgery is not possible.
What is the treatment for hookworm infections?
Mebendazole is effective for hookworm infections, with doses of 100 mg twice daily for 3 days for both children and adults.
