biomed midterm Flashcards by riley joyce

Circuit of blood that carries blood between the heart and the rest of the body

systemic circuit

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System of blood vessels that carries blood to the lungs for gas exchange and returns it to the heart

pulmonary circuit

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Seminlunar valves

pulmonic and aortic

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The Veins that bring blood to the heart, Both Right and Left Side:

superior and inferior vena cava bring blood to the right atrium==>tricuspid valve==>right ventricle==>pulmonary valve==>pulmonary aa⇒lungs==>pulmonary veins==>left atrium==>mitral valve==>left ventricle⇒ aortic valve⇒ aorta==>body

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Contraction of the heart

systole

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no contraction, flatline

Asystole

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Where does the left ventricle pump blood to?

aorta; whole body

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divides the right and left chambers of the heart

septum

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valve between the left atrium and the left ventircle

bicuspid valve

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valve between the right atrium and right ventricle

tricuspid valve

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what are the three layers of the heart

endocardium (inner), myocardium (Muscle), and epicardium (outer)

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where does the right ventricle pump blood to?

pulmonary artery, lungs

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what are the vessels that carry blood away from the heart

arteries

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what measures blood pressure

Sphygmomanometer

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Abnormal sound of blood flowing through the heart

heart murmur

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absesne of spleen

asplenia

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narrowing of the aorta

aortostenosis

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Abnormal hardening of the walls of an artery or arteries

arteriosclerosis

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X-ray imaging of blood vessels after injection of contrast material

angiography

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Downward displacement of the heart

cardioptosis

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thrombosis

blood clot

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myocardial infarction

heart attack

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what would you see on an ekg when someone has a heart attack

ST elevation on EKG

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lack of blood supply

ischemia

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sudden blockage of an artery

embolism

slow heart rate caused by infections, hypothyroid, and medication

Brady cardia

A weakened and expanded arterial wall

aneurysm

Connects the pulmonary artery and aorta in the fetus

ductus arteriosus

medications that open (dilate) blood vessels

vasodilator

Opening between RIGHT ATRIUM and LEFT ATRIUM in fetus

foreman ovale

Where does sinus rhythm originate?

SA node

what does CPR stand for

cardio pulmonary resuscitation

Ventricular Fibrillation can be tx with?

an AED

blood pumped by left ventricle

stroke volume

blood pumped by heart

cardiac output

enlargement of distal portion of digits

clubbing

painful raised lesions on hand, associated with endocarditis

osler nodes

yellow fat under skin around eyes, found in hyperlipidemia

xanthelasma

normal triglycerides

less than 150

normal cholesterol

less than 200

good choleserteral; greater than 40

HDL

Bad cholesterol, less than 100

LDL

P wave on EKG

atrial depolarization

QRS segment on EKG

vertricle depolarization

T wave on EKG

ventricle Repolarization

Mitral and tricuspid open and allow blood into ventricle and semilunar valves are closed

diastole

AV valves close--heart contracts semilunar valves open

systole

occurs during contraction

systolic murmur

occurs during relaxation

diastolic murmurs

causes of hypotension

cardiac and vascular

indicates having no valvular or other pathologic cause, benign

innocent murmur

Cause of Congenital Heart Disease

There is majority no cause

When does Congenital Heart Disease form?

first 8 weeks of development

inflammation of the endocardium

endocarditis

normal blood pressure

120/80

normal heart rate

60-100 bpm

rapid heart rate over 100 beats per minute

tachycardia

Abnormally slow heart rate below 60 beats per minute caused by infection, medications, old age, hypothyroid

Brady cardia

nerve that decreases heart rate

vagus nerve

dys-

bad, painful, difficult

itis-

inflammation

condition of

-ism, -ia

opening or canal

meatus

Surgical puncture to remove fluid from the pleural space

Thoracentesis

toward the tail

caudal

under the skin

subdermal

extremities

acro

visual examination of the abdomen

laparoscopy

divides the body into front and back portions

frontal plane

divides the body into left and right portions

sagittal plane

divides the body into upper and lower portion

transverse plane

Test done by placing the stem of a vibrating tuning fork on the midline of the head and having the patient indicate in which ear the tone can be heard, normal lateralizes equally

weber test

away from the body

abduct

move toward the body

adduct

eye muscles are used to do this :

convergence

Inflammation of the conjunctiva (pink eye) can be viral bacterial and allergic

conjuctivitis

inflammation of the middle ear (tympanic membrane)

otitis media

infection of the auditory canal (swimmers ear)

otitis externa

retina receptor cells

rods and cones

test for extra-ocular movement

the big H tests

Suellen eye chart is used for:

visual acuity

Viewing of pupillary response to light indirect is viewing the eye that the light is not shined into

Direct and Indirect pupillary response

Involuntary rapid eye movements

nystagmus

clouding of the lens

cataracts

Increased intraocular pressure results in damage to the retina and optic nerve with loss of vision

glaucoma

double vision

diplopia

nearsightedness

myopia

Abnormal deviation of the eye (crossed eyes)

strabismus

Pain around eyes and side of nose

Sinus infection in ethmoid

Pain above eyebrows; forehead

sinus infection in frontal

Pain around the eyes, head, and temples

Sinus infection in sphenoid

Inflammation of the larynx

laryngitis

Dilation of the bronchioles

Bronchiectasis

Surgical puncture of the pleura to remove fluid

Pleurocentesis

Inflammation of the pleura

pleuritis

Inflammation of the lung

Pneumonitis

Air in the pleural cavity

Pneumothorax

collapsed lung

atelectasis

A group of lung diseases that block airflow and make it difficult to breathe, chronic bronchitis, asthma, emphysema, sarcoidosis

COPD (chronic obstructive pulmonary disease)

Conditions, such as pulmonary fibrosis, where patients experience difficulty expanding their lungs with air

Restrictive airway disease

Parainfluenza, pediatric, fever barking cough

croup

normal breathing

eupnea

difficulty breathing

dyspnea

abnormally slow breathing

Bradypnea

rapid breathing

tachypnea

ability of breathe easily only in an upright position

orthopnea

without fever

afebrile

varied, irregular

poikil/o

negative prefixes

Anti-a-contra-de -dis-an

inflammation of the nose

rhinitis

a measurement of breathing (or lung volumes)

spirometry

abnormal condition of dust in the lungs

pneumoconiosis

Death of cardiac muscle due to ischemia

myocardial infarction (MI)

fever - barking cough-normal lung exam 2 year old patient

croup

Conduction system

SA node, AV node, Bundle of His, Purkinje fibers

inflammation of many arteries

polyarteritis

narrowing of the aorta

aortostenosis

chest pain that results when the heart does not get enough oxygen signals coronary artery disease

angina pectoris

biomed midterm Flashcards

(119 cards)