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Biochem 1 > Biomembranes > Flashcards

Biomembranes Flashcards

1
Q

average amount of body water

A

65%

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2
Q

how is body weight different in obese people

A

lower percentage of body weight as water

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3
Q

ICF is how much of body weight

A

40%

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4
Q

ECF is how much of total body weight

A

20%

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5
Q

what are the 2 components of ECF

A

interstitial fluid

plasma

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6
Q

What is the main cation of ECF

A

Na+

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7
Q

what are the main anions of ECF

A

Cl- and HCO3-

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8
Q

what is the main cation of ICF

A

K+

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9
Q

what are the main anions of ICF

A

proteins and phosphate

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10
Q

where are integral membrane proteins

A

imbedded in the membrane

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11
Q

where are peripheral membrane proteins

A

inner or outer face of membrane

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12
Q

where are carbohydatres located on membrane

A

extracellular face and luminal side of endoplasmic reticulum/golgi membranes

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13
Q

what is the amount of protein and lipid in most membranes

A

50/50

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14
Q

how much protein is the innermitocondrial membrane

A

70%

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15
Q

how much protein is the myelin

A

20%

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16
Q

structure o fmembrane lipids

A

polar head and hydrophoic tail

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17
Q

what are the most abundant membrane lipids

A

glycerophospholipids

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18
Q

phosphatidylinositol

A

a phosphoglyceride form which important signaling molecules are derived

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19
Q

plasmalogens

A

phosphoglycerides with ether linkage

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20
Q

plasmalogens are important where

A

myelin sheath

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21
Q

where are plasmmalogens synthesized

A

peroxisomes

22
Q

what is Zellwger syndrome caused by

A

failure to produce functioanl peroxisomes

23
Q

what are the symptoms of Zellweger syndrome

A

hypotonic
high forehead
flat broad nasal bridge
micrognathia

24
Q

micrognathia

A

underdevelopment of jaw

25
Q

what are sphingolipids dervied from

A

long chain alcohol sphingosine

26
Q

what does sphingomyelin codntain

A

sphingosine, fatty acyl group, phosphorylcholine

27
Q

phase transition

A

bilayer chaing from fluid to rigid form at specific temp

28
Q

phase transition temperature is lowered by the presence of what

A

short chain fatty acyl groups
cis-double bonds
cholesterol

29
Q

function of cholesterol

A

can both incrase and decrease fluidity

30
Q

at body temp what does cholesterol do

A

limits fluidity

31
Q

at reduced temp what does cholesterol do

A

maintain fluidity

32
Q

integral membrane proteins

A

contain 1 or more hydrophobic regions that pass through the lipid bilayer

33
Q

what do integral membrane proteins usually form

A

alpha helix

34
Q

example of integraph membrane protein

A

glycophorin

35
Q

how do peripheral membrane proteins attach

A

electrostatic interactions
covalently attach
attach to phosphatidylinositol
interact with intergral membrane proteins

36
Q

what are the 3 classes of transport protein that allow passage of material into and out of cell

A

channela nd pore
facilitated trasnproted
active trasnport

37
Q

pores

A

openings that are non-specific

38
Q

channels

A

specific for particular ions

39
Q

gap junctions all for waht

A

movement of small molecules between 2 adjacent cells

40
Q

connexon

A

penetrate lipid bilayer

41
Q

how many subunits are there is the nicotinic acetylcholine receptor

A

5 - 2 alpha, 1 beta, gamma, and delta

42
Q

how is the nicotinic acetylcholine receptor specific

A

size of opening and presence of neg charged amino acid side chains in the opening

43
Q

how do alpha neurotoxins cause paralysis

A

blocking the actino of nicotinic acetylcholine receptor

44
Q

what does facilitated diffusion show

A

saturation kinetics

45
Q

what is the biggest user of ATP when you are at rest

A

Na+/K+ATPase

46
Q

what triggers the conformation change in Na+/K+ATPase

A

phosphorylatuion

47
Q

what does digitalis do

A

inhibits Na+?K+ATPase

48
Q

how does digitalis affect the heart

A

incrases intensty of heart muscle contraction, but decreases rate

49
Q

what drives transport in secondary active transport

A

energy of electrocehmical ion gradents

50
Q

symport

A

2 things going in or out

51
Q

antiport

A

1 thing going in ,1 thing going out

Biochem 1 (28 decks)

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