Enzymes I

Question 1

enymes

Answer 1

biological catalysts
have high specificity
enhance rates of reactions

Question 2

what are the 6 classes of enzymes

Answer 2

oxidoreductase, transferase, hydrolase, lyase, isomerase, ligase

Question 3

definition of oxidoreductase

Answer 3

catalyze redox reactions

Question 4

what do oxidoreductases often inbolbed

Answer 4

NAD+, NADP+, FAD

Question 5

what are common names of oxidoreductases

Answer 5

oxidase, oxygenase, reductase, dehydrogenase

Question 6

what is an example of a oxidoreductase rxn

Answer 6

oxidation of succinate to fumarate by succinate dehydrogenase

Question 7

defintion of transferase

Answer 7

transfer groups from one substrate to another

Question 8

common names of transferases

Answer 8

kinase, aminotransferase, carboxylase, methyltransferase

Question 9

exmples of transferase

Answer 9

glucose to glucose 6 phosphate by phosphotransferase glucokinase

Question 10

defintion of hydrolases

Answer 10

cleave bonds between atoms by the addition of water

Question 11

common names of hydolases

Answer 11

glucosidases, ATPase, lipase,

Question 12

examples of hydrolase

Answer 12

hydolysis of dipeptide by dipeptidase

Question 13

definition of lyase

Answer 13

break bonds between atoms without addition of water of oxidative cleaage of substrate

Question 14

examples of common names of lyases

Answer 14

contain word lyase

Question 15

example of lyase reaction

Answer 15

fructose 1,6 bisphosphate to dihyoxyactone phosphate and glyceradehyde 3-phosphate

Question 16

definitino of isomerase

Answer 16

change sterochemistry of optical or geometric isomers

Question 17

common names of isomerase

Answer 17

mutases, epimerase, racemases

Question 18

example of isomerase

Answer 18

dihydroxyactone phophate to glyceraldehyde 3 phosphate

Question 19

definition of ligase

Answer 19

catalyse formation of bonds between carbons and other atoms using ATP

Question 20

common name for ligase

Answer 20

ligase, synthase, synthetase, carboxylase

Question 21

examaple of ligase

Answer 21

pyruvate to oxaloacetate

Question 22

what are cofacts

Answer 22

small molecules required for activity of many enzymes

Question 23

coenzymes

Answer 23

cofactors that are small organic molecules

Question 24

what are coenzymes typically derived from

Answer 24

vitamins

Question 25

prosthetic group

Answer 25

coenzyme that is attached to enzyme

Question 26

apoenzyme

Answer 26

enzyme from which a prosthetic group has been removed

Question 27

holoenzyme

Answer 27

apoenzyme + prosethetic group

Question 28

does the presence of a catalyse alter the delta G of reaction

Answer 28

no

Question 29

does presence of catalyst affect equilbiurm conc of S and P

Answer 29

no

Question 30

what does enzyme catalysis require

Answer 30

binding of substrate to enzyme

Question 31

at high substrate conc what is happening

Answer 31

all enzymes molecules contain bound substrate

Question 32

induced fit model of enzyme substrate interaction

Answer 32

binding of substrate induces conformational changes in teh active site

Question 33

3 point interaction between chiral substrate and enzyme active site results in what

Answer 33

steroespecific binding