Structure of proteins I Flashcards
functions of proteins
catalyst for reactions
regulate gene transciption
mediatory of immune response
components of CT
what are the structure and function of a protein determined by
amino acid sequence of its polypeptide chain
feature of alpha-amino acid
central alpha-carbon
alpha carbon is asymmetric (except glycine)
what type of amino acids are found in mamalian proteins
L-amino acids
what amino acid is a secondary amine
proline
what groups is an alpha carbon covalently bound to
alpha amine
alpha carboxylic acid
hydrogen
R group
what gives each amino acid its unique chemical and physical properties
the R group
zwitterion
molecule having both positive and negative charges
what are the non polar aliphatic amino acids
glycine, alanine, valine, leucine, isoleucine, methionine, proline
where are the non-polar aliphatic amino acids typically found
in interior of globular proteins
what is unique about methionine
contains sulfur
what are the aromatic amino acids
phenyalanine
tyrosine
tryptophan
what type of property do aromtic amino acids ahve
hydrophobic
why does tyrosine ahve soem polarity
because of the OH group
why is tryptophan slightly polar
ring nitrogen
what are the pola runcharged amino acids
serine threonine cysterin asparagine glutamine
where are the polar, uncharged amino acids found
interior and exterior of proteins
what do polar, uncharged amino acids readily form
hydrogen bonds
what is unqiue about cysteine
contains sulfur, readily forms disulfie bridges
the hydroxyl groups of serine and threonine serve as what
phosphate acceptors in protein kinase reactions
what are the amino acids with ionizable side chains
aspartate gluatmate
what are asp adn glu considered to be
acidic amino acids
what are the basic amino acids
lysine, arginine, histidine
what carries a negative charge at physiological pH
asp adn glu
