CED Unit 1 (Sensation)

Question 1

Sensation

Answer 1

How we detect and process environmental stimuli

Question 2

Transduction

Answer 2

Taking sensory input and turning it into meaningful perceptions

Question 3

Absolute threshold

Answer 3

Minimum stimulus intensity detected 50% of the time

Question 4

Just-noticeable difference

Answer 4

Smallest detectable change in stimulus intensity

Question 5

Sensory adaptation

Answer 5

Decreased sensitivity to constant stimulation

Question 6

Weber’s law

Answer 6

Governs how we detect differences among different stimuli

Question 7

Sensory interaction

Answer 7

Integrating information from multiple senses to create coherent experiences

Question 8

Synesthesia

Answer 8

One sensory experience automatically triggers another

Question 9

Retina

Answer 9

The primary visual receptor

Question 10

Visual nerve

Question 11

Lens

Answer 11

Adjusts to focus images clearly on the retina

Question 12

Accommodation

Answer 12

Lens shape changes for near and far vision, pupil size adjustments for light intensity

Question 13

Photoreceptors

Question 14

Rods

Answer 14

Gives us vision in low light and are crucial for detecting movement in our peripheral vision, black and white

Question 15

Cones (blue, green, red)

Answer 15

How we perceive color

Question 16

Trichromatic theory

Answer 16

Three types of cones, red, blue, green

Question 17

Opponent-process theory

Answer 17

Color vision involves opposing pairs of colors where one color is perceived and the other is suppressed

Question 18

Ganglion cells

Answer 18

Neurons in the retina that relay visual information from the eye to the brain through the optic nerve

Question 19

Dichromatism

Answer 19

An individual has only two types of cones

Question 20

Monochromatism

Answer 20

An individual has only one types of cone

Question 21

Prosopagnosia

Answer 21

Face blindness

Question 22

Blindsight

Answer 22

The ability to respond to visual information without consciously seeing it

Question 23

Pitch perception

Answer 23

How we perceive pitch across different frequency ranges

Question 24

Place theory

Answer 24

Different frequencies stimulate different areas of the basilar membrane

Question 25

Volley theory

Answer 25

Groups of neurons fire in alternating patterns

Question 26

Frequency theory

Answer 26

Neurons fire at the same rate as sound wave frequency

Question 27

Sound localization

Answer 27

Our ability to locate sound

Question 28

Conduction deafness

Answer 28

Problems in the outer or middle ear, often temporary

Question 29

Sensorineural deafness

Answer 29

Damage to the cochlea or auditory nerve, usually permanent

Question 30

Olfactory system

Answer 30

Sense of smell

Question 31

Thalamus

Answer 31

Where all senses (except smell) are processed

Question 32

Pheromones

Answer 32

Specialized chemical signals that communicate between members of the same species

Question 33

Gustation

Answer 33

Sense of taste

Question 34

Sweet, sour, salty, bitter, umami, oleogustus

Answer 34

Primary taste qualities

Question 35

Taste receptors

Answer 35

Receives the taste stimuli

Question 36

Supertasters

Answer 36

Abundant taste buds and heightened sensitivity

Question 37

Medium tasters

Answer 37

Average taste perception

Question 38

Nontasters

Answer 38

Fewer taste buds and reduced sensitivity

Question 39

Warm/cold receptors

Answer 39

Senses temperature

Question 40

Gate control theory

Answer 40

The spinal cord contains a "gate" that regulates the transmission of pain signals to the brain

Question 41

Vestibular sense

Answer 41

Provides constant information about head position and movement

Question 42

Semicircular canals

Answer 42

Detects rotational movements

Question 43

Kinesthesis

Answer 43

Gives us awareness of body position and movement