CED Unit 2 (Perception) Flashcards
Bottom-up processing
Starting with raw sensory data
Top-down processing
Using what we already know to interpret things
Schema
Organized patterns or frameworks of thought that help us categorize and interpret information
Perceptual set
Influence how we interpret sensory information by creating expectations about what we will perceive
Gestalt psychology
Emphasizes that we perceive whole patterns rather than individual elements
Closure
Completing incomplete figures mentally
Figure and ground
Distinguishing objects from their background
Proximity
Grouping nearby elements together
Similarity
Grouping similar elements together
Selective attention
Focusing on specific stimuli
Cocktail party effect
Inattentional blindness
Not seeing something obvious because we’re focused elsewhere
Change blindness
Missing big changes in a scene
Binocular depth cures
Depth info from both eyes working together
Retinal disparity
Differences in images between eyes
Convergence
Inward turning of eyes for close objects
Monocular depth cues
Allows us to perceive depth using just one eye
Relative clarity
Distant mountains appearing hazier than nearby trees
Relative size
A car looking smaller when far away than when close by
Texture gradient
Grass appearing more detailed up close but blending together in the distance
Linear perspective
Railroad tracks appearing to converge as they extend toward the horizon
Interposition
A person standing in front of a building partially hiding it from view
Apparent movement
The perception of movement occurring even when viewing static images
