CED Unit 5 (Treatment of Psychological Disorders)

Question 1

Evidence-based interventions

Answer 1

Therapeutic approaches that have been proven to be effective in treating specific psychological disorders

Question 2

Cultural humility

Answer 2

A lifelong practice of self-reflection on one’s own cultural background and biases

Question 3

Therapeutic alliance

Answer 3

The collaborative and trusting relationship between a therapist and client

Question 4

Psychotropic medication

Answer 4

Drugs that affect a person’s mind, emotions, and behaviors

Question 5

Nonmaleficence

Answer 5

The ethical principle of doing no harm or avoiding intentional harm to others

Question 6

Fidelity

Answer 6

Being accountable and trustworthy

Question 7

Psychodynamic therapies

Answer 7

Focuses on uncovering unconscious drives, desires, and conflicts that influence behavior

Question 8

Free association

Answer 8

Psychoanalytic technique where a person freely expresses whatever thoughts or feelings come to mind

Question 9

Cognitive therapies

Answer 9

Focus on identifying and changing maladaptive thought patterns to alleviate psychological distress

Question 10

Cognitive restructuring

Answer 10

Helps individuals identify, challenge, and replace maladaptive thoughts with more realistic and positive ones

Question 11

Fear hierarchies

Answer 11

Creating a list of feared situations or objects, ordered from least to most anxiety-provoking

Question 12

Cognitive triad

Answer 12

Depressed individuals tend to hold negative thoughts about themselves, the world, and the future

Question 13

Applied behavior analysis

Answer 13

Focuses on how environmental factors and consequences influence actions

Question 14

Token economies

Answer 14

A behavioral management system where people earn tokens for desired behaviors, then are exchanged for rewards

Question 15

Biofeedback

Answer 15

A mind-body technique that uses sensory feedback to help people gain control over their physiological responses

Question 16

Cognitive-behavioral therapies

Answer 16

A form of psychotherapy that addresses current problems by combining cognitive and behavioral techniques

Question 17

Dialectical behavior therapy

Answer 17

A type of therapy that helps individuals manage intense emotions and improve interpersonal effectiveness

Question 18

Rational emotive behavior therapy (REBT)

Answer 18

Challenges illogical and self-defeating thoughts and behaviors

Question 19

Antidepressants

Answer 19

Affects serotonin, norepinephrine, and dopamine to help regulate mood and behavior

Question 20

Antianxiety drugs

Answer 20

Benzodiazepines-increase GABA, SSRIs-blocks reabsorption of serotonin, SNRIs-affects norepinephrine

Question 21

Lithium

Answer 21

Mood stabilizer, particularly used to treat bipolar disorder

Question 22

Antipsychotic medications

Answer 22

A class of medications primarily used to treat psychosis

Question 23

Tardive dyskinesia

Answer 23

Involuntary, repetitive movements that develop as a side effect of long-term use of antipsychotic medications

Question 24

Psychosurgery

Answer 24

A surgical procedure that alters brain tissue to treat severe mental disorders

Question 25

Lesioning

Answer 25

A research method where brain tissue is intentionally damaged or removed to study its function

Question 26

TMS (transcranial magnetic stimulation)

Answer 26

A non-invasive brain stimulation technique that uses magnetic fields to stimulate specific brain areas

Question 27

Electroconvulsive therapy

Answer 27

A biomedical treatment that involves passing a brief electric current through the brain to induce a seizure

Question 28

Lobotomy

Answer 28

The connections to and from the prefrontal cortex, the front part of the brain, are severed