CED Unit 3 (Cognitive Development Across the Lifespan) Flashcards
Assimilation
Fitting new info into existing schemas
Accommodation
Changing or creating new schemas when the old ones don’t work
Sensorimotor stage
From birth to about age 2, babies have no object permanence
Object permanence
If an object goes behind something, it’s still there
Preoperational stage
Ages 2 to 7, begin developing theory of mind, no conservation, animistic thinking, egocentric
Conservation
A child’s understanding that the quantity or volume of something remains the same even when its appearance changes
Reversibility
Mentally reversing actions
Animism
Thinking everything is alive
Egocentrism
Seeing things only from their perspective
Theory of mind
The understanding that others have different thoughts and beliefs than their own
Concrete operational stage
Ages 7-11, develop logical thinking
Systematic thinking
Logical thinking
Formal operational stage
Age 12-adulthood, develops problem-solving and abstract thinking
Scaffolding (as it pertains to Vygotsky)
A teaching method where instructors guide students through a new skill within their Zone of Proximal Development
Zone of proximal development
Represents the gap between what a child can do alone and with help, learning occurs most effectively within this zone
Crystallized intelligence
The accumulation of knowledge, facts, and experience, increases or remains stable
Fluid intelligence
The ability to solve new problems & learn new things, gradually declines with age
Dementia
A significant and progressive deterioration of cognitive abilities
