CED Unit 5 (Explaining & Classifying Psychological Disorders) Flashcards
Dysfunction
A noticeable impairment in a person’s cognition, emotion, or behavior
Deviation from the social norm
Behavior that violates the unwritten rules or expected behaviors of a society or culture
Cultural/societal norms
“Normal” behavior among different groups of people
Stigma
Negative beliefs about a group of people with a certain characteristic
Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM)
A comprehensive, standardized guide for classifying and diagnosing mental disorders (USA)
International Classification of Mental Disorders (ICD)
A global system for classifying all diseases, including mental disorders
Eclectic approach
A therapeutic style that uses techniques from multiple psychological theories and perspectives
Behavioral perspective
Views psychological disorders as stemming from maladaptive learned associations between stimuli and responses
Maladaptive learned associations
Learned associations that are detrimental to a person’s well-being or functioning
Psychodynamic perspective
Disorders arise from unresolved conflicts, repressed desires, or traumatic experiences
Humanistic perspective
Psychological disorders arise when an individual’s needs are not met or when they are unable to reach their full potential
Cognitive perspective
Views psychological disorders as stemming from dysfunctional thought patterns
Evolutionary perspective
How traits, (mental health disorders) might’ve evolved to be adaptive back then, but are now bad in modern times
Sociocultural perspective
Views how cultural and social factors can contribute to the development, experience, and treatment of psychological disorders
Biological perspective
Views psychological disorders as arising from biological factors like genetics, chemical imbalances, and brain abnormalities
Biopsychosocial model
Explains psychological disorders by considering the interplay of biological, psychological, and social factors
Diathesis-stress model
Explains how psychological disorders arise from the interplay of an individual’s genetic or biological predisposition and stressful life events
