CED Unit 3 (Classical Conditioning)

Question 1

Behavioral perspective

Answer 1

Focuses on how behavior is learned through interactions with the environment

Question 2

Classical conditioning

Answer 2

An individual forms an association between two stimuli, leading to a conditioned response

Question 3

Acquisition

Answer 3

A neutral stimulus (such as a bell) is repeatedly paired with an unconditioned stimulus (such as food) until it elicits a conditioned response

Question 4

Unconditioned stimulus (UCS)

Answer 4

Stimuli that hasn’t been trained to elicit a response yet

Question 5

Unconditioned response (UR)

Answer 5

Response that occurs naturally

Question 6

Conditioned response (CR)

Answer 6

Response that was trained into the subject

Question 7

Conditioned stimulus (CS)

Answer 7

Stimuli that gives a conditioned response

Question 8

Extinction

Answer 8

The conditioned response is weakened

Question 9

Spontaneous recovery

Answer 9

When an extinguished response reappears after a period of rest

Question 10

Stimulus discrimination

Answer 10

An individual learns to respond differently to similar stimuli, recognizing the differences between them

Question 11

Stimulus generalization

Answer 11

A response learned for one stimulus transfers to similar stimuli

Question 12

Higher-order conditioning

Answer 12

A previously learned CS can take on the role of a UCS, allowing a new association to form

Question 13

Counterconditioning

Answer 13

The 180 degree reversal of someone’s actions, through conditioning (response of fear to excitement)

Question 14

One-trial conditioning

Answer 14

A unique form of classical conditioning that typically requires only one learning experience

Question 15

Biological preparedness

Answer 15

How evolution has shaped organisms to learn certain associations more readily than others

Question 16

Habituation

Answer 16

A fundamental form of learning that helps organisms adapt to their environment