Cell Diversity

Question 1

What is a cell?

Answer 1

Smallest part of a living thing.

Question 2

What are the types of cells?

Answer 2

Nerve cells, Red blood cells, Muscle cells.

Question 3

What is tissue?

Answer 3

A group of similar cells that are adapted to carry out the same function.

Question 4

Name two plant tissues.

Answer 4

Dermal and vascular.

Question 5

What is the function of dermal tissue?

Answer 5

Epidermis protects the plant.

Question 6

What is the function of vascular tissue?

Answer 6

Transports materials around the plant.

Question 7

What does xylem transport?

Answer 7

Water and minerals around the plant.

Question 8

What does phloem transport?

Answer 8

Food from the leaves to other parts of the plant.

Question 9

What is an adaptation of dermal tissue?

Answer 9

Waterproof.

Question 10

What is an adaptation of vascular tissue?

Answer 10

Xylem is made out of dead cells so it doesn’t use any of the water.

Question 11

List the three types of animal tissue.

Answer 11

Connective tissue, Muscular tissue, Nervous tissue.

Question 12

What is connective tissue?

Answer 12

A tissue that joins and supports other body structures, e.g., blood.

Question 13

What is muscular tissue?

Answer 13

Produces movement of the body parts, e.g., muscles.

Question 14

What is nervous tissue?

Answer 14

Carries electrical impulses to and from the brain to the spinal cord and is composed of nerve cells called neurons.

Question 15

What is an example of nervous tissue?

Answer 15

Sensory nerves.

Question 16

What are adaptations of muscular tissue?

Answer 16

Can contract and relax.

Question 17

What are adaptations of nervous tissue?

Answer 17

Can carry electrical impulses.

Question 18

What is tissue culture?

Answer 18

The growth of cells in or on an artificial medium outside an organism.

Question 19

What are the steps involved in tissue culture?

Answer 19

1. The tissue sample is removed from a plant or animal. 2. Tissue is grown in glassware (in vitro) in sterile nutrient medium. 3. Usually contains hormones & growth substances. 4. A clone of the original tissue is produced by mitosis.

Question 20

What is often contained in tissue culture?

Answer 20

Hormones & growth substances.

Question 21

What is a clone of the original tissue produced by?

Answer 21

Mitosis.

Question 22

What is a clone?

Answer 22

An organism that is genetically identical to the organism from which it was produced.

Question 23

What are the uses of tissue culture?

Answer 23

Cancer research, Skin grafts, Growing human tissue for organ transplants, Micropropagation (Plant breeding).

Question 24

What are the conditions of tissue culture?

Answer 24

Suitable temperature, Suitable pH, Nutrients.

Question 25

Why are sterile conditions needed to grow tissue?

Answer 25

To prevent microorganisms from growing.

Question 26

What are the steps to produce a skin graft using tissue culture?

Answer 26

1. Skin cells are obtained. 2. Enzymes are added to skin sample. 3. Individual cells are isolated. 4. Cells are placed on a nutrient medium. 5. Sheets of cells are grown.

Question 27

What is an organ?

Answer 27

A group of tissues that are working together to carry out a similar function.

Question 28

What are examples of plant organs?

Answer 28

Stem, Leaves, Flower, Seeds.

Question 29

What are examples of animal organs?

Answer 29

Heart, Stomach, Lungs, Liver.

Question 30

What is an organ system?

Answer 30

A group of organs working together to carry out a similar function.

Question 31

What are examples of organ systems?

Answer 31

Reproductive system, Circulatory system, Digestive system, Nervous system, Endocrine system.

Question 32

What is an organism?

Answer 32

A group of organ systems working together to carry out a similar function.

Question 33

What gas is needed for the growth of animal tissue?

Answer 33

Oxygen.

Question 34

What gas would be produced by animal tissue?

Answer 34

Carbon dioxide.

Question 35

What type of cell division is involved in tissue culture?

Answer 35

Mitosis.