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Biology > Cells > Flashcards

Cells Flashcards

1
Q

label this plant cell

A
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2
Q

label this animal cell

A
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3
Q

Nucleus

A

control centre of cell, contains genetic information

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4
Q

Cytoplasm

A

liquid gel in which most of chemical reactions take place

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5
Q

Cell membrane

A

selectively permeable, controls movement of material in and out of cell

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6
Q

Cell Wall

A

support and protection of plant cell

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7
Q

Mitochondrion

A

“Powerhouse” of cell (produces ATP by respiration)

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8
Q

Ribosomes

A

production of proteins

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9
Q

Chloroplasts

A

uses energy to make food by photosynthesis

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10
Q

Permanent Vacuole

A

stores food, water and waste in plants

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11
Q

Lysosome

A

special type of vacuole that breaks down old cell parts and large molecules

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12
Q

ER (endoplasmic reticulum)

A

transport of chemicals and proteins within cells

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13
Q

Golgi

A

modifies proteins to make them functional; and transports proteins within cells

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14
Q

Cytoskeleton

A

support structure within cells (skeleton); made of proteins

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15
Q

Organ

A

collection of tissues that perform a specific function within an organism

e.g. lungs

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16
Q

Organism

A

a living being

e.g. a human

17
Q

Organelle

A

a functional structure within a cell

e.g. mitochondron

18
Q

Organ System

A

a collection of organs that peform a specific function within an organism

e.g. the body

19
Q

Tissue

A

a collection of connected cells that peforms a similar function within an organism

e.g. skin

20
Q

Cell

A

the structural unit of an organism may exist as independant life

e.g. blood cell

21
Q

List these in order of small to large: organism;organ system;tissue;organelle;cell;organ

A

organelle, cell, tissue, organ, organ system, organism

22
Q

How do you carry out a cheek cell experiment

A

You will need cotton buds, a clean microscope and cover slips, dilute methylene blue solution and a slide

Gently scrape the inside of your cheek with a sterile cotton bud and then smear the scrapings onto the middle of a slide. Pour a drop of dilute methylene blue solution on top of the smear. Then cover with a slip (gently press cover slip to spread out cells) and observe under the microscope.

23
Q

What does nutrition do?

A

supplies energy

24
Q

What does respiration do?

A

releases energy in cells

25
Q

Reproductive system

A

produces offspring

26
Q

What does Growth and Development do?

A

increases size into adulthood

27
Q

State two ways in which a typical plant cell differs from a typical animal cell

A

plant cells have a cell wall but animal cells don’t

animal cells don’t have chloroplasts but plants cells do because they make their own food

28
Q

State two ways in which a bacterium differs from a virus

A

ribosomes are present in a bacterium but absent from a virus

DNA in bacteria floats freely in cytoplasm and has a cell wall and cell membrane but DNA in viruses are enclosed inside a coat of protein

29
Q

Which type of living organism has cellulose cell walls?

plants, animals, fungi, bacteria, viruses

A

plants

30
Q

Which type of these living organisms are all parasitic and have a protein coat?

plants, animals, fungi, bacteria, viruses

A

viruses

31
Q

Which type of these living organisms are microscopic and contain circular DNA?

plants, animals, fungi, bacteria, viruses

A

bacteria

32
Q

Which type of these living organisms have structures caled hyphae (some)?

plants, animals, fungi, bacteria, viruses

A

fungi

33
Q

Which of these types of living organisms have cells which have a nucleus but no cell wall?

plants, animals, fungi, bacteria, viruses

A

animals

34
Q

what structure is always present in plant cells but never in animal cells?

A

cell wall

35
Q

what sturctures are where respiration takes place?

A

mitochondrion (singular)

mitochondria (plural)

36
Q

name the large structure in plant cells that helps to keep a plant rigid

A

permanent vacuole

37
Q

what is the liquid part of the cell where chemical reactions take place?

A

cytoplasm

38
Q

name the small structures in all cells where proteins are made

A

ribosomes

39
Q

name the structure that controls what goes in and out of cells

A

cell membrane

Biology (24 decks)

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