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CLS 304 > CH. 7 > Flashcards

CH. 7 Flashcards

(78 cards)

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1
Q

what is a true negative

A

specificity

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2
Q

what is the most common method for chemical testing

A

reagent strip

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3
Q

what is a true positive

A

sensitivity

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4
Q

what are the qualitative results of a reagent strip based on

A

color change

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5
Q

for reagent strip testing what varies based on manufacturers

A

specificity and sensitivity

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6
Q

what substance interferes with reagent strip testing

A

ascorbic acid

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7
Q

at what temp do you preform reagent strip testing

A

room temp

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8
Q

what are examples of quantitative reporting

A

conc mg/dL

plus system

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9
Q

what are examples of qualitative reporting

A

small, moderate, large

neg/pos/WRR (normal)

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10
Q

what chemical property in urine is check in pregnant women

A

glucose and protein

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11
Q

def? refers to the ability of the test to correctly id those pt with the disease

A

sensitivity

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12
Q

what is the formula of sensitivity

A

sensitivity % = true pos/ true pos + false neg

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13
Q

def? refers to the ability of the test to correctly id those pt without the disease

A

specificity

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14
Q

formula of specificity

A

specificity % = true neg/ true neg + false pos

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15
Q

what other test confirms results of reagent strip test

A

tablet/liquid test

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16
Q

what test is used for highly pigmented urine

A

tablet/liquid test

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17
Q

what does the specific gravity dipstick measure

A

pKa change of pretreated polyelectrolytes

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18
Q

what is the SG of a deep blue color dipstick result

A

1.000

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19
Q

what is the SG of a yellow-green color dipstick result

A

1.030

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20
Q

what organ is the major regulator of acid-base

A

kidney

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21
Q

what dye indicates acidic pH

A

methyl red

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22
Q

what dye indicates basic pH

A

bromthymol blue

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23
Q

what is the normal pH of urine

A

4.5 to 8.0

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24
Q

knowledge of pH aid with ID of _____

A

crystals

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25
what disease has cloudy red urine due to intact RBCs
hematuria
26
what disease has clear red urine due to RBCs destruction
hemoglobinuria
27
how much blood has to be in urine for it to be considered clinically significant
greater than 5 cells per microliter
28
what kind of test is most accurate for determining the presence of blood
chemical test
29
what test can be used to differentiate between hematuria and hemoglobinurina
microscopic examination
30
what causes hematuria
damage to renal system
31
what disease has yellow brown granules in sediment
hemosiderin
32
what disease has clear, red/brown urine caused by heme-containing protein in muscle tissue
myogloninuria
33
what causes myoglobinuria
rhabdomyolysis (muscle destruction)
34
what rxn happens in reagent strip testing
catalyze a reaction between the heme component
35
if there is a pos leukocyte esterase result what is required
microscopic exam of sediment
36
what screens for urinary tract inflammation
leukocyte esterase
37
what converts nitrate to nitrite
gram neg bacteria
38
what rxn occurs in nitrite reagent strip testing
greiss rxn
39
what is a cost effective e test for UTIs
leukocyte-nitrite
40
if protein is consistently detected what does it indicate
renal disease
41
what does SSA (sulfosaclicylic acid) test for
protein
42
what gives a false pos in SSA testing
x ray contrast media, penicillin
43
what gives a false neg in SSA testing
highly alkaline urine
44
def? albumin that cannot be detected by routine dipstick for protein
microalbuminuria
45
clinical significance of microalbuminuria
kidney disease in diabetes, hypertension, or peripheral vascular disease
46
is glucose normally in urine
no
47
what is it called when glucose is present in urine
glucosuria or glycosuria
48
what rxn occurs in the dipstick to test for glucose
enzymatic rxn
49
what compound give a false neg when testing for glucose
ascorbic acid
50
what substance give a false pos when testing for glucose
bleach or strong oxidizing agent
51
what is the clinitest based on
the ability of reducing substances to reduce copper sulfate to cuprous oxide
52
what does the flintiest screen for
non-glucose reducing sugars in children under 2
53
what cause ketones to be present in urine
increase and or incomplete fat metabolism
54
what is the most common ketone detected in urine
betahydroxybutyric acid
55
what ketone is not detected with a dipstick
betahydroxybutyric acid
56
are ketones normally present in urine
no
57
what causes a false pos in ketone testing
pigmented urines
58
what causes a false neg in ketone testing
delay in testing
59
what rxn occurs when testing for bilirubin
diazo rxn
60
what causes a false pos when testing for bilirubin
medication that color urine red or yellow
61
what causes a false neg when testing for bilirubin
ascorbic acid | old urine- exposure to light
62
what test is ran to confirm bilirubin in urine
ictotest
63
what causes bilirubin to be in urine
obstruction to bile flow from liver inflammation of liver cells congenital hyperbilirubinemias
64
what rxn occurs when testing for urobilinogen
ehrlich rxn
65
What does ascorbic acid come from
Vit C
66
Who requires a color urine chart
CAP
67
What does WRR stand for
Within reference range
68
What 2 dyes are used in the Double-indicator system reaction
Methyl red | Bromthymol blue
69
What does blood indicate in urine for males
1st sign of prostate issues
70
Def? UTI in kidney
Pyelonephritis
71
Def? UTI in Bladder
Cystitis
72
Def? UTI in urethra
urethritis
73
where is cystitis found
Bladder
74
Where is pyelonephritis found
Tubules
75
Principle of protein dip stick
error of the indicators
76
What rxn occurs on dipstick for glucose
double sequential enzymatic
77
Is a clinitest exo or endergonic rxn
Exo
78
What rxn occurs on dipstick for ketones
Nitroprusside

CLS 304 (21 decks)

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