chap 1 Flashcards
The organ system that regulates the body’s activities using chemical regulators called hormones is the _______ system.
endocrine
All the bones of the body, their associated cartilages, and joints belong to the __________ system.
skeletal
The basic structural and functional units of an organism are
cells
The condition in which the body’s internal environment stays within physiological limits is known as
homeostasis
Use the appropriate directional term to complete the following statement: The stomach is __________ to the lungs.
inferior
In a negative feedback system, the response of the effector
reverses the original stimulus
For the statement below, identify whether it is true or false. If false, identify the word that makes the statement incorrect. If the statement is true, select “Statement is true” from the second dropdown.
The sagittal plane divides the body into equal superior and inferior portions.
false / sagittal is wrong should say transverse
The anatomical term for navel is
umbilical
Group of related organs that have a common function is called a(n
system
The science dealing with the functions of the body parts is called
physiology
Use the appropriate directional term to complete the following statement: The umbilical region is ___________ to the hypogastric region.
medial
For the statement below, identify whether it is true or false. If false, identify the word that makes the statement incorrect. If the statement is true, select “Statement is true” from the second dropdown.
The heart is located in the mediastinum.
false / pericadium
In anatomy and physiology, the highest level of organization is the __________.
organismal level
In the anatomical position the subject
is standing upright facing the observer with the palms forward.
A body structure that monitors changes in a controlled condition and sends information called input (nerve impulses or chemical signals) to a control center. i.e. nerve endings in the skin
receptor
A body structure that receives output from the control center and produces a response that changes the controlled condition.
effector
a __________ ________ system reverses a change in a controlled condition by receiving input from a receptor to the control center which interprets and regulates by sending output to an effector that produces a result. A system that regulates conditions in the body that are held relatively stable over long periods of time like body temp and blood pressure.
negative feedback
what is this example? positive or negative feedback? body temp drops, brain (control center) sends nerve impulses to skeletal muscles that cause you to shiver which generates heat and raises your temperature.
negative feedback
a ______________ ____________ system tends to strengthen ir reinforce a change in one of the body’s controlled conditions. The control center still provides commands to an effector but in this case the effector produces a physiological response that adds to or reinforces the initial change in the controlled condition. The action of this system continues until it is interrupted by some mechanism.
positive feedback
what is this system? positive or negative feedback? The first contractions of labor push part of the fetus into the cervix, these stretch sensitive nerve cells monitor the amount of stretching and as stretching increases they send more nerve impulses to the brain which in turn releases the hormone oxytocin in to the blood which causes the muscles in the wall of the uterus to contract even more forcefully. This system of feedback ends with the birth of the baby.
positive feedback system
the ______ _______ sets the range of values within winch a controlled condition should be maintained, evaluates the input it receives from receptors and generates output commands when they are needed.
control center or integration center
What is it called when the body is lying face down?
prone position
what is it called when the body is lying face up?
supine position
The elbow is ________ to the wrist.
proximal
