Chapter 10 - Lifespan Development Flashcards
(137 cards)
where are eggs fertilized??
fallopian tubes
within 6 days of eggs fertilizing in the fallopian tubes, the resulting zygote becomes a ______ and is implanted along the lining of the uterus
blastocyte
what are the 3 phases on prenatal development?
Germinal: 0 to 2 weeks
Embryonic: 2 to 8 weeks
Fetal Stage: 8 weeks to birth
what happens during the germinal phase of prenatal development?
migration of the blastocyst from the fallopian times and its implantation in the uterus. cellular divisions take place that eventually lead to multiple organ, nervous system and skin tissues.
what happens during the embryonic phase of prenatal development?
basic cell layers become differentiated. Major structures such as the head, heart, limbs, hands, and feet emerge. The embryo attaches to the placenta, the structure that allows for the exchange of oxygen and nutrients and the removal of wastes
what happens during the fetal stage of prenatal development?
brain development progresses as distinct regions take form. The Circulatory, respiratory, digestive and other bodily systems develop. sex organs appear at around the third month of gestation
by 3 months the ______ hemispheres have formed.
cerebral
at 40 weeks, the brain has almost _______ neurons and a convoluted (folded) cortex
100 billion neurons
preterm infants
infant born earlier than 36 weeks
why do preterm infants have immediate challenges such as breathing on their own and maintaining an appropriate body temperature?
because they have underdeveloped brains and lungs
what is the survival rate for 30-week infants?
95%
what is the survival rate for 25-week infants?
50%
Newborn individualized developmental care and assessment program (NIDCAP)
a behaviourally based intervention in which preterm infants are closely observed and given intensive care during early development (minimal lights, sound levels and stress)
kangaroo care
skin-to-skin contact between babies and caregivers
teratogens
substances, such as drugs or environmental toxins, that impair the process of development
20,000 canadians from 1959-1962 were harmed by the anti-nausea drug ______
thalidomide
what does phocomelia mean?
seal limb
what are 4 agents that cross the placenta?
1) german measles
2) x rays and other radiation, toxic chemicals
3) cigarette smoking
4) recreational drugs
Fetal Alcohol Syndrome
abnormalities in mental functioning, growth and facial development in the offspring of women who use alcohol during pregnancy
what are 4 key features of children with FAS?
1) smaller brains
2) facial deformities
3) coordination problems
4) developmentally delayed
what is the leading cause of non-hereditary mental retardation?
FAS
___% of canadian women reported consuming some alcohol during their pregnancy
25%
FAS is thought to affect __-__ babies in every 1000 live births
1-3
reflexes
involuntary muscular reactions to specific types of stimulation