Psychological Disorders Part 2

Question 1

list 6 types of therapy

Answer 1

1) psychodynamic
2) Freudian
3) Family/Systems
4) Psychosurgery
5) Psychopharmacotherapy
6) cognitive/behavioural

Question 2

psychoanalysis

Answer 2

a method of psychotherapy developed by freud that emphasizes the exploration of unconscious motives and conflicts

Question 3

2 types of psychoanalysis

Answer 3

free association and dream analysis

Question 4

resistance

Answer 4

when treatment brings up unconscious material that the client wishes to avoid, and the client engages in strategies for keeping the information out of conscious awareness

Question 5

transference

Answer 5

when clients direct the emotional experiences that they are reliving toward the therapist rather than toward the original person involved in the experience (e.g, parents)

Question 6

humanist therapy

Answer 6

based on the assumption that people seek self-actualization and self-fulfillment
- emphasizes peoples feelings and thoughts in the present moment, not past conflicts

Question 7

client-centred (nondirective) therapy

Answer 7

• developed by carl rogers

- focuses on individuals ability to solve their own problems and reach their full potential

Question 8

family therapy

Answer 8

probelms develop in the context of family and are sustained by the dynamics of the family; any changes made will affect all members of the family

Question 9

psychogsurgery

Answer 9

any surgical procedure that destroys selected areas of the brain believed to be involved in emotional disorders or violent, impulsive behaviour

Question 10

lobotomies

Answer 10

-Jacobsen et al. found that removing the frontal lobes of a chimpanzee made the animal friendly and mellow

Question 11

psycopharmacotherapy

Answer 11

the use of drugs to attempt to manage or reduce a clients symptoms

Question 12

behavioural therapy

Answer 12

based on the principles of conditioning and assumes that human behaviour is learned and can be unlearned

Question 13

cognitive-behavioural therapy

Answer 13

seeks to improve peoples functioning by changing how they thing and what they believe about situations

Question 14

mindfullness-based cognitive therapy

Answer 14

cognitive-behavioural therapy combiend with minfulness training

Question 15

true or false: individuals who take antidepessants without learning to cope with problems are more likely to relapse

Answer 15

true

Question 16

personality disorders

Answer 16

particularly unusual patterns of behaviour that are maladaptive, distressing to oneself or others and resistant to change

Question 17

are personality disorders easy or hard to treat?

Answer 17

personality disorders are difficult to treat

Question 18

description of cluster A personality disorders

Answer 18

odd/eccentric

Question 19

3 cluster A personality disorders

Answer 19

1) paranoid
2) schizoid
3) Schizotypal

Question 20

Paranoid Personality Disorder

Answer 20

a pattern of distrust and suspiciousness such that others motives are interpreted as malevolent

Question 21

schizoid personality disorder

Answer 21

a pattern of detachment from social relationships and a restricted range of emotional expression

Question 22

schizotypal personality disorder

Answer 22

a pattern of acute discomfort in social relationships, cognitive or perceptual distortions and eccentricities of behaviour

Question 23

description of cluster B personality disorders

Answer 23

dramatic/erratic

Question 24

4 cluster B personality disorders

Answer 24

1) Antisocial
2) borderline
3) Histrionic
4) Narcissistic

Question 25

borderline personality disorder

Answer 25

a disorder characterized by intense extremes between positive and negative emotions, an unstable sense of self, impulsivity and difficult social relationships

Question 26

P.R.A.I.S.E (borderline personality disorder)

Answer 26

P - paranoid ideas R - relationship instability A - Angry outbursts, affective instability, abandonment feats I - impulsive behaviour, identity disturbance S - suicidal behaviour E - emptiness

Question 27

causes of Borderline personality disorder

Answer 27

- genetics - abusive or neglectful parenting - brain abnormalities related to aggression and emotional regulation

Question 28

borderline personality disorder is sometimes treated with _________

Answer 28

dialectical behavioural therapy (individual cognitive therapy)

Question 29

Narcissistic Personality disorder

Answer 29

a disorder characterized by an inflated sens of self-important and an exessive need for attention and admiration, as well as intense self-doubt and fear of abandonment

Question 30

histrionic personality disorder

Answer 30

a disorder characterized by excessive attention seeking and dramatic behaviour

Question 31

Antisocial Personality Disorder (psychopathy)

Answer 31

disorder characterized by: 1) a profound lack of empathy or emotional connection with others 2) a disregard for others rights or preferences 3) a tendency toward inserting their own desires, ogten violently onto others regardless of the consequences for others

Question 32

Antisocial personality disorder occurs in __% of all males and __% of all females

Answer 32

3% males and 1% females

Question 33

DSM criteria for APD

Answer 33

Must have 3 of these criteria: - repeatedly break the law - deceitful, using aliases and lies to con others - impulsive and unable to plan ahead - repeatedly get into physical fights or assaults - show reckless disregard for own safety or that of others - irresposnible, failing to meet obligations to others - lack remorse for actions that harm others

Question 34

causes of APD

Answer 34

1) biological vulnerability | 2) stressful experiences

Question 35

comorbidity

Answer 35

the presence of 2 disorders simultaneously

Question 36

description of cluster c personality

Answer 36

anxious/fearful

Question 37

3 cluster c personality disorders

Answer 37

1) avoidant 2) dependent 3) obsessive-compulsive

Question 38

avoidant personality disorder

Answer 38

a pattern of social inhibition, feelings of inadequacy and hypersensitivity to negative evaluation

Question 39

dependent personality disorder

Answer 39

a pattern of submissive and clinging behaviour related to an excessive need to be taken care of

Question 40

obsessive-compulsive personality disorder

Answer 40

a pattern of preoccupation with orderliness, perfectionism and control

Question 41

dissociative disorder

Answer 41

a category of mental disorders characterized by a split between conscious awareness from feeling, cognition, memory and identity

Question 42

3 types of dissociative disorder

Answer 42

1) dissociative fugue 2) dissociative amnesia 3) depersonalization disorder

Question 43

dissociative fugue

Answer 43

a period of profound autobiographical memory loss

Question 44

dissociative amnesia

Answer 44

a severe loss of memory, usually for a specific stressful event, when no biological cause for amnesia is present

Question 45

depersonalization disorder

Answer 45

a strong sense of the surreal, the feeling that one is not connected to ones body, the feeling of disconnection from ones regular identity and awareness

Question 46

dissociative identity disorder/ multiple personality disorder

Answer 46

when a person experiences a split in identity such that they feel different aspects of themselves as though they were separated from each other