Chapter 11 Flashcards
tissue types
epithelial
muscle
connective
nervous
forces acting on tissue
tension compression bending shear torsion
healing phases
inflammatory reponse stage- 2-4 days
fibroblastic repair - hours -6 weeks
maturation remodelling phase- 3 weeks- years
inflamatory reponse stage
inflammation begins at time of injury signs: redness swelling pain increased temp loss of function you should; protect, rest, compression elevation. cryotherapy
fibroblastic repair phase
repair and scar formation
granulation tissue fills the gap
collogen fibers are deposited by fibroblasts
inflamatory reposnse sene in phase 1 sunsides
maturation-remodelling phase
remodelling or realigning of scar tissue
more aggressive stretching and strengthing
-organizes the scar tissue along the lines of tensile stress
include sport-specific skills and activities
strain
tendon or muscle is stretched or torn
sprain
ligament or joint capsule is stretched or torn
grades of sprains and strains
grade 1 -sligthly steached or torn, few msucle fibers grade 2 -moderatly stretched or torn, more muscle fibers grade 3 -complete rupture -surgery required -ACL tear
common strains
quads, adductors, hip flextors, hamstrings, rotator cuff
hamstring strains
most common strained muscle mechanism: rapid contraction in a lengthened position ex) sprinting due to stregth imbalance ham < quad
ankle sprains
during running, walking, dancing or stepping off a cub most common: lateral ankle sprain -inversion common reoccurance symptoms: swelling, tenderness rehabilitation: decreases reoccurance, balance exercises
dislocations
high enough forces push the joint beyond its normal anatomical limits
joint surfaces come apart
subluxation- when supporting structures (ligaments) are stretvhed or torn enough to allow boney surfaces to sperate (partical disolcation)
most common: fingers followed by shoulder
fractures
simple fratcure- stays within the surrounding soft issue
compound fracture- protrudes from the skin
stress frature- results from repeated low mag loads
avulsions frature- involves tendon or ligament pulling small chip of bone (frequent inkids)
tendonitis
inflammation of tendon as a result of small tear in the tendon
from: excessive repeptitive motion, age, improper technique
bursitis
inflammation of the bursae tiny fiuld filled scas libricate and cushion pressure points between bone and tendons results from oversue and stress -age is also a factor most common -shoulder, elbow, hip inflammation and pain aggravated by movement and direct pressure
stress fracture
results from repeated low-magnitude forces
1. small disruption of the outer bone layer
2. weakended bone
3. cortical bone fracture
NOT shin splints
shin splints
pain along medical tibial surface
involves pain and inflammation
no distruption of cortical bone
